महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-5, verse-20

भूरिश्रवा महेष्वासस्तथा प्रायगतो रणे ।
क्रोशतां भूमिपालानां युयुधानेन पातितः ॥२०॥

20. bhūriśravā maheṣvāsastathā prāyagato raṇe ,
krośatāṁ bhūmipālānāṁ yuyudhānena pātitaḥ.

20. bhūriśravāḥ maheṣvāsaḥ tathā prāyagataḥ raṇe
krośatām bhūmipālānām yuyudhānena pātitaḥ

20. tathā maheṣvāsaḥ bhūriśravāḥ raṇe prāyagataḥ
bhūmipālānām krośatām yuyudhānena pātitaḥ

20. Similarly, Bhūriśravas, a great archer, who was observing a fast unto death (prāyagata) on the battlefield, was struck down by Yuyudhāna (Satyaki) while the kings were crying out in protest.

Words meanings summery:

• भूरिश्रवाः (bhūriśravāḥ) - Bhūriśravas (a proper name)

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - a great archer

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

• प्रायगतः (prāyagataḥ) - observing a fast unto death, having undertaken the vow of prāya (fasting to death)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• क्रोशताम् (krośatām) - of those crying out, of those protesting

• भूमिपालानाम् (bhūmipālānām) - of the kings, of the rulers

• युयुधानेन (yuyudhānena) - by Yuyudhāna, by Satyaki

• पातितः (pātitaḥ) - struck down, caused to fall, killed

Words meanings and morphology

भूरिश्रवाः (bhūriśravāḥ) - Bhūriśravas (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūriśravas

bhūriśravas - Bhūriśravas (a proper name, lit. 'much fame')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhūri+śravas)

• bhūri – much, abundant, many
  adjective (neuter)
• śravas – fame, glory, renown
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śru (class 5)

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - a great archer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - a great archer, one with a great bow

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman (lit. 'arrow-thrower')
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: iṣu
  Root: as (class 4)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

प्रायगतः (prāyagataḥ) - observing a fast unto death, having undertaken the vow of prāya (fasting to death)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāyagata

prāyagata - one who has resorted to a fast unto death, one who has entered on a course of self-starvation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāya+gata)

• prāya – fast unto death, voluntary death, resolve to die by fasting
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: i (class 2)
• gata – gone, resorted to, undertaken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

क्रोशताम् (krośatām) - of those crying out, of those protesting

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of krośat

krośat - crying out, shouting, lamenting, protesting

Present Active Participle

From √kruś (to cry out)

Root: kruś (class 1)

भूमिपालानाम् (bhūmipālānām) - of the kings, of the rulers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhūmipāla

bhūmipāla - king, ruler, protector of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pāla)

• bhūmi – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

युयुधानेन (yuyudhānena) - by Yuyudhāna, by Satyaki

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yuyudhāna

yuyudhāna - Yuyudhāna (proper name, an ally of the Pāṇḍavas, also known as Sātyaki)

Root: yudh (class 4)

पातितः (pātitaḥ) - struck down, caused to fall, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pātita

pātita - caused to fall, thrown down, struck down, killed

Past Passive Participle (causative)

From the causative of √pat (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

Previous Verse Next Verse