महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-10, chapter-5, verse-35
क्षिप्रं संनद्धकवचौ सखड्गावात्तकार्मुकौ ।
समास्थाय प्रतीक्षेतां रथवर्यौ परंतपौ ॥३५॥
समास्थाय प्रतीक्षेतां रथवर्यौ परंतपौ ॥३५॥
35. kṣipraṁ saṁnaddhakavacau sakhaḍgāvāttakārmukau ,
samāsthāya pratīkṣetāṁ rathavaryau paraṁtapau.
samāsthāya pratīkṣetāṁ rathavaryau paraṁtapau.
35.
kṣipram saṃnaddhakavacau sakhaḍgau āttakārmukau
samāsthāya pratīkṣetām rathavaryau paraṃtapau
samāsthāya pratīkṣetām rathavaryau paraṃtapau
35.
paraṃtapau saṃnaddhakavacau sakhaḍgau āttakārmukau
rathavaryau samāsthāya kṣipram pratīkṣetām
rathavaryau samāsthāya kṣipram pratīkṣetām
35.
Quickly, those two tormentors of foes, having donned their armor, grasped their swords, and taken up their bows, should mount their excellent chariots and wait.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, soon
- संनद्धकवचौ (saṁnaddhakavacau) - those who have donned armor, equipped with armor
- सखड्गौ (sakhaḍgau) - those who are with swords, armed with swords
- आत्तकार्मुकौ (āttakārmukau) - those who have taken up bows, equipped with bows
- समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having mounted, having taken up a position
- प्रतीक्षेताम् (pratīkṣetām) - they should wait, they should await
- रथवर्यौ (rathavaryau) - excellent chariots (excellent chariots, excellent chariot-warriors)
- परंतपौ (paraṁtapau) - tormentors of foes, subduers of enemies
Words meanings and morphology
क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, soon
(indeclinable)
संनद्धकवचौ (saṁnaddhakavacau) - those who have donned armor, equipped with armor
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃnaddhakavaca
saṁnaddhakavaca - having armor donned, equipped with armor
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃnaddha+kavaca)
- saṃnaddha – equipped, prepared, bound, tied
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √nah (to bind) with prefix sam-.
Prefix: sam
Root: nah (class 4) - kavaca – armor, mail
noun (neuter)
Note: Refers to the two warriors.
सखड्गौ (sakhaḍgau) - those who are with swords, armed with swords
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of sakhaḍga
sakhaḍga - accompanied by a sword, having a sword
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+khaḍga)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable - khaḍga – sword
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to the two warriors.
आत्तकार्मुकौ (āttakārmukau) - those who have taken up bows, equipped with bows
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of āttakārmuka
āttakārmuka - having taken a bow
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ātta+kārmuka)
- ātta – taken, received, grasped
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root √dā (to give) with prefix ā- (here meaning 'to take').
Prefix: ā
Root: dā (class 3) - kārmuka – bow
noun (neuter)
Note: Refers to the two warriors.
समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having mounted, having taken up a position
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Formed from root √sthā (to stand) with prefixes sam- and ā-.
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: sthā (class 1)
प्रतीक्षेताम् (pratīkṣetām) - they should wait, they should await
(verb)
3rd person , dual, active, optative (liṅ) of pratīkṣ
Optative
Root √īkṣ (to see, look) with prefix prati-.
Prefix: prati
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
रथवर्यौ (rathavaryau) - excellent chariots (excellent chariots, excellent chariot-warriors)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of rathavarya
rathavarya - excellent chariot; excellent warrior in a chariot
Compound type : karmadhāraya (ratha+varya)
- ratha – chariot, car
noun (masculine) - varya – excellent, best, chosen
adjective (masculine)
Gerundive
Derived from √vṛ (to choose).
Root: vṛ (class 9)
Note: It is the object of samāsthāya (having mounted).
परंतपौ (paraṁtapau) - tormentors of foes, subduers of enemies
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of paraṃtapa
paraṁtapa - tormenting enemies, subduing foes
Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)
- param – other, supreme, highest
adjective (masculine) - tapa – heating, tormenting, asceticism
noun (masculine)
Root: tap (class 1)
Note: Qualifies the implied 'they' who are to wait.