महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-5, verse-12

यस्तेषां तदवस्थानां द्रुह्येत पुरुषोऽनृजुः ।
व्यक्तं स नरके मज्जेदगाधे विपुलेऽप्लवे ॥१२॥

12. yasteṣāṁ tadavasthānāṁ druhyeta puruṣo'nṛjuḥ ,
vyaktaṁ sa narake majjedagādhe vipule'plave.

12. yaḥ teṣām tadavasthānām druhmeta puruṣaḥ anṛjuḥ
vyaktam saḥ narake majjet agādhe vipule aplave

12. yaḥ anṛjuḥ puruṣaḥ teṣām tadavasthānām druhmeta,
saḥ vyaktam agādhe vipule aplave narake majjet.

12. Whoever, being a dishonest (anṛju) person (puruṣa), would harm them while they are in such a state, he would surely sink into a hell (naraka) that is unfathomable, vast, and without any means of support.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• तदवस्थानाम् (tadavasthānām) - of those in that state/condition

• द्रुह्मेत (druhmeta) - would harm, might injure, would be hostile to

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, man, male, cosmic person

• अनृजुः (anṛjuḥ) - dishonest, crooked, not straight

• व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly, certainly, evidently, manifest

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• नरके (narake) - in hell

• मज्जेत् (majjet) - would sink, should sink, might be submerged

• अगाधे (agādhe) - in the unfathomable, in the very deep

• विपुले (vipule) - in the vast, in the extensive

• अप्लवे (aplave) - in the unsupported, in the object without a float/boat

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

तदवस्थानाम् (tadavasthānām) - of those in that state/condition

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tadavastha

tadavastha - in that state or condition

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tat+avasthā)

• tat – that, such
  pronoun (neuter)
• avasthā – state, condition, situation
  noun (feminine)

द्रुह्मेत (druhmeta) - would harm, might injure, would be hostile to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of √druh

Optative Mood

3rd person, singular, middle voice

Root: druh (class 4)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person, man, male, cosmic person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, human being, the Supreme Being (puruṣa)

अनृजुः (anṛjuḥ) - dishonest, crooked, not straight

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anṛju

anṛju - not straight, dishonest, crooked, deceitful

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛju)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• ṛju – straight, honest, upright
  adjective (masculine)

व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly, certainly, evidently, manifest

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (used adverbially)

from root √añj with prefix vi, or from √vyañj

Prefix: vi

Root: añj (class 7)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नरके (narake) - in hell

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, Hades

मज्जेत् (majjet) - would sink, should sink, might be submerged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of √majj

Optative Mood

3rd person, singular, active voice

Root: majj (class 1)

अगाधे (agādhe) - in the unfathomable, in the very deep

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of agādha

agādha - unfathomable, very deep, bottomless

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+gādha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• gādha – shallow, fordable, firm ground
  adjective (masculine)

विपुले (vipule) - in the vast, in the extensive

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vipula

vipula - vast, extensive, large, broad

Prefix: vi

Root: pul (class 10)

अप्लवे (aplave) - in the unsupported, in the object without a float/boat

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of aplava

aplava - without a float or boat, not swimming, unsupported

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+plava)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• plava – float, boat, raft, swimming
  noun (masculine)