महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-5, verse-17

प्रत्यक्षं भूमिपालानां भवतां चापि संनिधौ ।
न्यस्तशस्त्रो मम पिता धृष्टद्युम्नेन पातितः ॥१७॥

17. pratyakṣaṁ bhūmipālānāṁ bhavatāṁ cāpi saṁnidhau ,
nyastaśastro mama pitā dhṛṣṭadyumnena pātitaḥ.

17. pratyakṣam bhūmipālānām bhavatām ca api saṃnidhau
nyastaśastraḥ mama pitā dhṛṣṭadyumnena pātitaḥ

17. nyastaśastraḥ mama pitā bhūmipālānām bhavatām ca
api pratyakṣam saṃnidhau dhṛṣṭadyumnena pātitaḥ

17. My father, who had laid down his weapons, was slain by Dhristadyumna right before the eyes of the kings and also in your presence.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - directly before the eyes (visibly, directly, before the eyes, perceptibly)

• भूमिपालानाम् (bhūmipālānām) - of the kings (of the protectors of the earth, of kings)

• भवताम् (bhavatām) - of you all (of you (respectful plural))

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• संनिधौ (saṁnidhau) - in the presence (in the presence, in the vicinity, near)

• न्यस्तशस्त्रः (nyastaśastraḥ) - with his weapons laid down (having laid down weapons, disarmed)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• पिता (pitā) - father (Drona) (father)

• धृष्टद्युम्नेन (dhṛṣṭadyumnena) - by Dhristadyumna (by Dhristadyumna (a proper noun))

• पातितः (pātitaḥ) - slain (felled, slain, caused to fall)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - directly before the eyes (visibly, directly, before the eyes, perceptibly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter singular nominative/accusative. Compound of `prati` and `akṣi`

Compound type : avyayībhāva (prati+akṣi)

• prati – towards, against, in front of
  indeclinable
  prefix/preposition
• akṣi – eye
  noun (neuter)

भूमिपालानाम् (bhūmipālānām) - of the kings (of the protectors of the earth, of kings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhūmipāla

bhūmipāla - protector of the earth, king

Compound of `bhūmi` (earth) and `pāla` (protector)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pāla)

• bhūmi – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root `pā` (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

भवताम् (bhavatām) - of you all (of you (respectful plural))

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (polite address)

Present Active Participle

Used as a polite second person pronoun. From `bhū` (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle

संनिधौ (saṁnidhau) - in the presence (in the presence, in the vicinity, near)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃnidhi

saṁnidhi - proximity, presence, vicinity

From `sam-ni-dhā` (to place near)

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

न्यस्तशस्त्रः (nyastaśastraḥ) - with his weapons laid down (having laid down weapons, disarmed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nyastaśastra

nyastaśastra - having laid down weapons, disarmed

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'whose weapons are laid down'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nyasta+śastra)

• nyasta – placed, laid down
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root `as` with prefix `ni`
  Prefix: ni
  Root: as (class 4)
• śastra – weapon, instrument
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies `pitā`

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Genitive singular

Note: Modifies `pitā`

पिता (pitā) - father (Drona) (father)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Subject

धृष्टद्युम्नेन (dhṛṣṭadyumnena) - by Dhristadyumna (by Dhristadyumna (a proper noun))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhristadyumna (Drupada's son, killer of Drona)

Note: Agent of passive verb `pātitaḥ`

पातितः (pātitaḥ) - slain (felled, slain, caused to fall)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pātita

pātita - felled, caused to fall, slain

Past Passive Participle

Causative of root `pat` (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective with implied verb `to be`

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