महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-5, verse-38

ययुश्च शिबिरं तेषां संप्रसुप्तजनं विभो ।
द्वारदेशं तु संप्राप्य द्रौणिस्तस्थौ रथोत्तमे ॥३८॥

38. yayuśca śibiraṁ teṣāṁ saṁprasuptajanaṁ vibho ,
dvāradeśaṁ tu saṁprāpya drauṇistasthau rathottame.

38. yayuḥ ca śibiram teṣām samprasuptajanam vibho
dvāradeśam tu samprāpya drauṇiḥ tasthau rathottame

38. vibho te ca teṣām samprasuptajanam śibiram yayuḥ
tu drauṇiḥ dvāradeśam samprāpya rathottame tasthau

38. And, O lord, they approached their camp, where the people were deeply asleep. But Drauṇi, having reached the entrance, stood in his excellent chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went

• च (ca) - and, also

• शिबिरम् (śibiram) - camp, encampment

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (enemies' camp) (of them, their)

• सम्प्रसुप्तजनम् (samprasuptajanam) - (the camp) where people were deeply asleep (having people deeply asleep)

• विभो (vibho) - O lord, O powerful one

• द्वारदेशम् (dvāradeśam) - the entrance of the camp (door-region, entrance, threshold)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सम्प्राप्य (samprāpya) - having reached, having obtained

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - son of Droṇa (Ashvatthama)

• तस्थौ (tasthau) - he stood, he remained

• रथोत्तमे (rathottame) - in the best chariot, on the excellent chariot

Words meanings and morphology

ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of yā

Perfect

Root √yā (to go).

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Refers to the three warriors.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

शिबिरम् (śibiram) - camp, encampment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śibira

śibira - camp, encampment, military station

Note: Object of yayuḥ.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (enemies' camp) (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Possessive, referring to the camp of their enemies (the Pāṇḍavas).

सम्प्रसुप्तजनम् (samprasuptajanam) - (the camp) where people were deeply asleep (having people deeply asleep)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samprasuptajana

samprasuptajana - having people deeply asleep, whose people are fast asleep

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (samprasupta+jana)

• samprasupta – deeply asleep, fast asleep
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root √svap (to sleep) with prefixes sam- and pra-.
  Prefixes: sam+pra
  Root: svap (class 2)
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'śibiram'.

विभो (vibho) - O lord, O powerful one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - all-pervading, powerful, lord, ruler

Note: Term of address, typically for the narrator (Saṃjaya) addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

द्वारदेशम् (dvāradeśam) - the entrance of the camp (door-region, entrance, threshold)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvāradeśa

dvāradeśa - door-region, entrance, threshold

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvāra+deśa)

• dvāra – door, gate, entrance
  noun (neuter)
• deśa – place, region, country
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of samprāpya.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a slight contrast or transition.

सम्प्राप्य (samprāpya) - having reached, having obtained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √āp (to obtain) with prefixes sam- and pra-.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - son of Droṇa (Ashvatthama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa (Ashvatthama)

Patronymic from Droṇa.

Note: Subject of tasthau.

तस्थौ (tasthau) - he stood, he remained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sthā

Perfect

Root √sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

रथोत्तमे (rathottame) - in the best chariot, on the excellent chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathottama

rathottama - best chariot, excellent chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ratha+uttama)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Location where Drauṇi stood.

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