महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-181, verse-6

ऊचुश्च वाचः परुषास्ते राजानो जिघांसवः ।
आहवे हि द्विजस्यापि वधो दृष्टो युयुत्सतः ॥६॥

6. ūcuśca vācaḥ paruṣāste rājāno jighāṁsavaḥ ,
āhave hi dvijasyāpi vadho dṛṣṭo yuyutsataḥ.

6. ūcuḥ ca vācaḥ paruṣāḥ te rājānaḥ jighāṃsavaḥ
āhave hi dvijasya api vadhaḥ dṛṣṭaḥ yuyutsataḥ

6. And those kings, wishing to kill, spoke harsh words: "Indeed, even the killing of a twice-born (dvija) who desires to fight is sanctioned in battle."

Words meanings summery:

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches, voice

• परुषाः (paruṣāḥ) - harsh, rough, cruel, severe

• ते (te) - those, they

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings, rulers

• जिघांसवः (jighāṁsavaḥ) - wishing to kill, murderous, intending to kill

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• द्विजस्य (dvijasya) - of a twice-born, of a brāhmaṇa

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing, slaying, destruction

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed, sanctioned, considered proper

• युयुत्सतः (yuyutsataḥ) - of one wishing to fight, of one desiring combat

Words meanings and morphology

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

root 'vac'

Root: vac (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches, voice

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - word, speech, voice

परुषाः (paruṣāḥ) - harsh, rough, cruel, severe

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, cruel, severe, unkind

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings, rulers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

जिघांसवः (jighāṁsavaḥ) - wishing to kill, murderous, intending to kill

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jighāṃsu

jighāṁsu - desiring to kill, murderous

desiderative adjective

formed from root 'han' (to kill) with desiderative suffix

Root: han (class 2)

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, combat

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

द्विजस्य (dvijasya) - of a twice-born, of a brāhmaṇa

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (a member of the first three varṇas), brāhmaṇa, bird, tooth

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing, slaying, destruction

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, destruction

Root: vadh (class 1)

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed, sanctioned, considered proper

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, perceived, observed, visible

Past Passive Participle

formed from root 'dṛś'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

युयुत्सतः (yuyutsataḥ) - of one wishing to fight, of one desiring combat

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yuyutsat

yuyutsat - wishing to fight, desiring combat

desiderative present participle

formed from root 'yudh' (to fight) with desiderative suffix

Root: yudh (class 4)