महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-181, verse-17

आत्मप्रच्छादनार्थं वै बाहुवीर्यमुपाश्रितः ।
विप्ररूपं विधायेदं ततो मां प्रतियुध्यसे ॥१७॥

17. ātmapracchādanārthaṁ vai bāhuvīryamupāśritaḥ ,
viprarūpaṁ vidhāyedaṁ tato māṁ pratiyudhyase.

17. ātmapracchādanārtham vai bāhuvīryam upāśritaḥ
viprarūpam vidhāya idam tataḥ mām pratiyudhyase

17. Indeed, you have assumed the strength of your arms, adopted this form of a Brahmin for the purpose of concealing your true self (ātman), and thus you are fighting against me.

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मप्रच्छादनार्थम् (ātmapracchādanārtham) - for the purpose of concealing your true identity (for the purpose of concealing the self)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• बाहुवीर्यम् (bāhuvīryam) - arm strength

• उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - having assumed or manifested (having resorted to, having taken refuge in, possessing)

• विप्ररूपम् (viprarūpam) - the form of a Brahmin

• विधाय (vidhāya) - having made, having assumed, having created

• इदम् (idam) - this

• ततः (tataḥ) - thus, therefore (then, from that, therefore)

• माम् (mām) - me

• प्रतियुध्यसे (pratiyudhyase) - you are fighting against

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मप्रच्छादनार्थम् (ātmapracchādanārtham) - for the purpose of concealing your true identity (for the purpose of concealing the self)

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+pracchādana+artha)

• ātman – self (ātman), soul, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)
• pracchādana – concealment, covering
  noun (neuter)
  Causal derivation from chad
  Root chad (10th class), Causal -ī, suffix -ana
  Prefix: pra
  Root: chad (class 10)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative of purpose.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

बाहुवीर्यम् (bāhuvīryam) - arm strength

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāhu+vīrya)

• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)
• vīrya – strength, valor, heroism
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of the action indicated by the participle.

उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - having assumed or manifested (having resorted to, having taken refuge in, possessing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāśrita

upāśrita - resorted to, taken refuge in, possessed, assumed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śri with prefixes upa- and ā-

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'you'.

विप्ररूपम् (viprarūpam) - the form of a Brahmin

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vipra+rūpa)

• vipra – Brahmin, twice-born
  noun (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of the action indicated by the absolutive.

विधाय (vidhāya) - having made, having assumed, having created

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dhā with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Connects to pratiyudhyase.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Qualifies viprarūpam.

ततः (tataḥ) - thus, therefore (then, from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Object of pratiyudhyase.

प्रतियुध्यसे (pratiyudhyase) - you are fighting against

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pratiyudh

Present Middle

Root yudh (4th class) with prefix prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.