महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-181, verse-11

तावुभावप्यनिर्देश्यौ लाघवाज्जयतां वरौ ।
अयुध्येतां सुसंरब्धावन्योन्यविजयैषिणौ ॥११॥

11. tāvubhāvapyanirdeśyau lāghavājjayatāṁ varau ,
ayudhyetāṁ susaṁrabdhāvanyonyavijayaiṣiṇau.

11. tau ubhau api anirdeśyau lāghavāt jayatām varau
ayudhyetām susaṃrabdhau anyonyavijayaiṣiṇau

11. Both of them, indescribable in their agility and foremost among conquerors, fought, greatly enraged and each desiring to conquer the other.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two (Arjuna and Karna) (those two)

• उभौ (ubhau) - both (Arjuna and Karna) (both)

• अपि (api) - both (emphasizing 'both of them') (also, even, indeed)

• अनिर्देश्यौ (anirdeśyau) - indescribable (in their agility) (indescribable, unparalleled, unutterable)

• लाघवात् (lāghavāt) - by agility (by swiftness, by agility, from lightness)

• जयताम् (jayatām) - of conquerors (of the conquering ones, of the victors)

• वरौ (varau) - foremost (among conquerors) (best, excellent, superior (dual))

• अयुध्येताम् (ayudhyetām) - they fought (they (dual) fought)

• सुसंरब्धौ (susaṁrabdhau) - greatly enraged (greatly enraged, very agitated, highly excited (dual))

• अन्योन्यविजयैषिणौ (anyonyavijayaiṣiṇau) - each desiring to conquer the other (desirous of mutual victory (dual))

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two (Arjuna and Karna) (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

उभौ (ubhau) - both (Arjuna and Karna) (both)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Always dual

अपि (api) - both (emphasizing 'both of them') (also, even, indeed)

(indeclinable)

अनिर्देश्यौ (anirdeśyau) - indescribable (in their agility) (indescribable, unparalleled, unutterable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of anirdeśya

anirdeśya - indescribable, unutterable, inexpressible

Gerundive

Prefix a (negation) + root diś with upasarga nir + -ya suffix

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nirdeśya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• nirdeśya – to be pointed out, to be described
  gerundive (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Root diś with upasarga nir + -ya suffix
  Prefix: nir
  Root: diś (class 6)

लाघवात् (lāghavāt) - by agility (by swiftness, by agility, from lightness)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of lāghava

lāghava - lightness, agility, quickness, dexterity

Derived from laghu

Note: Used adverbially to indicate the cause or manner.

जयताम् (jayatām) - of conquerors (of the conquering ones, of the victors)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jayat

jayat - conquering, winning, a conqueror

Present Active Participle

Root ji + śatṛ suffix

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun here, 'of those who conquer'.

वरौ (varau) - foremost (among conquerors) (best, excellent, superior (dual))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vara

vara - best, excellent, superior; boon, bridegroom

Root: vṛ

Note: Agrees with 'tau ubhau', qualifying them as 'best'.

अयुध्येताम् (ayudhyetām) - they fought (they (dual) fought)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Imperfect 3rd person dual middle

Root: yudh (class 4)

सुसंरब्धौ (susaṁrabdhau) - greatly enraged (greatly enraged, very agitated, highly excited (dual))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of susaṃrabdha

susaṁrabdha - greatly agitated, very enraged, highly excited

Past Passive Participle

Intensifier su + root rabh with upasarga sam

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+saṃrabdha)

• su – well, good, very, greatly
  indeclinable
  intensifier prefix
• saṃrabdha – enraged, excited, agitated
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root rabh with upasarga sam + kta suffix
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rabh (class 1)

अन्योन्यविजयैषिणौ (anyonyavijayaiṣiṇau) - each desiring to conquer the other (desirous of mutual victory (dual))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of anyonyavijayaiṣin

anyonyavijayaiṣin - desirous of mutual victory

Compound type : tatpurusha (anyonya+vijaya+eṣin)

• anyonya – mutual, reciprocal, each other
  pronoun
• vijaya – victory, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Root ji with upasarga vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)
• eṣin – desiring, wishing, seeking
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root iṣ
  Root iṣ (to desire) + ṇini suffix
  Root: iṣ (class 4)