महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-145, verse-40

स कृच्छ्रामहमापन्नो न शक्तस्तर्तुमापदम् ।
अहो धिक्कां गतिं त्वद्य गमिष्यामि सबान्धवः ।
सर्वैः सह मृतं श्रेयो न तु मे जीवितं क्षमम् ॥४०॥

40. sa kṛcchrāmahamāpanno na śaktastartumāpadam ,
aho dhikkāṁ gatiṁ tvadya gamiṣyāmi sabāndhavaḥ ,
sarvaiḥ saha mṛtaṁ śreyo na tu me jīvitaṁ kṣamam.

40. saḥ kṛcchrām aham āpannaḥ na śaktaḥ
tartum āpadam aho dhik kām gatim tu adya
gamiṣyāmi sa bāndhavaḥ sarvaiḥ saha
mṛtam śreyaḥ na tu me jīvitam kṣamam

40. I have fallen into such a dire predicament that I am unable to overcome this calamity. Oh, alas! What fate awaits me and my relatives today? It is better to die with everyone, for my life is not bearable.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• कृच्छ्राम् (kṛcchrām) - into a difficult state/situation (difficult, distressful (accusative feminine))

• अहम् (aham) - I

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having fallen into, attained, afflicted by

• न (na) - not

• शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable, able

• तर्तुम् (tartum) - to cross, to overcome, to get over

• आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity, misfortune, distress

• अहो (aho) - oh!, alas!

• धिक् (dhik) - woe to!, shame on!

• काम् (kām) - what (feminine accusative singular)

• गतिम् (gatim) - destination, state, course, fate

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go, I will reach

• स (sa) - with, together with (prefix)

• बान्धवः (bāndhavaḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all, with all

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• मृतम् (mṛtam) - dead, death

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - better, more auspicious, superior

• न (na) - not

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, existence

• क्षमम् (kṣamam) - capable, suitable, bearable, proper

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कृच्छ्राम् (kṛcchrām) - into a difficult state/situation (difficult, distressful (accusative feminine))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficult, painful, distress, suffering

Note: Qualifies an implied noun like 'daśām' (state)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having fallen into, attained, afflicted by

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - obtained, reached, fallen into, afflicted by

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable, able

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakta

śakta - able, capable, competent

Past Passive Participle

Root: śak (class 5)

तर्तुम् (tartum) - to cross, to overcome, to get over

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Root: tṛ (class 1)

आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity, misfortune, distress

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, adversity, distress

अहो (aho) - oh!, alas!

(indeclinable)

धिक् (dhik) - woe to!, shame on!

(indeclinable)

काम् (kām) - what (feminine accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

गतिम् (gatim) - destination, state, course, fate

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, course, state, fate, destination

Root: gam (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go, I will reach

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future indicative (lṛṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

स (sa) - with, together with (prefix)

(indeclinable)

Prefix for Bahuvrīhi compounds

Note: First part of a compound 'sabāndhavaḥ'

बान्धवः (bāndhavaḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāndhava

bāndhava - relative, kinsman, friend

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+bāndhava)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix for Bahuvrīhi compounds
• bāndhava – relative, kinsman, friend
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'aham' (I, as in 'I, who am with my relatives')

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all, with all

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

मृतम् (mṛtam) - dead, death

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased; death (as noun)

Past Passive Participle

Used as a neuter noun

Root: mṛ (class 6)

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - better, more auspicious, superior

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, superior, best, excellent, auspicious

Comparative/superlative degree

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, existence

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence, living

Past Passive Participle

Used as a neuter noun

Root: jīv (class 1)

क्षमम् (kṣamam) - capable, suitable, bearable, proper

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣama

kṣama - able, capable, fit, suitable, tolerable, bearable

Root: kṣam (class 1)