महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-145, verse-38

आत्मानमपि चोत्सृज्य तप्स्ये प्रेतवशं गतः ।
त्यक्ता ह्येते मया व्यक्तं नेह शक्ष्यन्ति जीवितुम् ॥३८॥

38. ātmānamapi cotsṛjya tapsye pretavaśaṁ gataḥ ,
tyaktā hyete mayā vyaktaṁ neha śakṣyanti jīvitum.

38. ātmānam api ca utsṛjya tapsye preta vaśam gataḥ
tyaktāḥ hi ete mayā vyaktam na iha śakṣyanti jīvitum

38. Even if I were to sacrifice myself (ātman) and succumb to death, I would still suffer. For these people, clearly abandoned by me, will certainly not be able to live here.

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self, soul, oneself

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• च (ca) - and, also

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up

• तप्स्ये (tapsye) - I will suffer, I will perform penance

• प्रेत (preta) - departed spirit, ghost, dead

• वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, attained, having gone

• त्यक्ताः (tyaktāḥ) - abandoned, forsaken

• हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

• एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly, evidently, certainly

• न (na) - not

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• शक्ष्यन्ति (śakṣyanti) - they will be able

• जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self, soul, oneself

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix: ud

Root: sṛj (class 6)

तप्स्ये (tapsye) - I will suffer, I will perform penance

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, future indicative (lṛṭ) of tap

Root: tap (class 1)

प्रेत (preta) - departed spirit, ghost, dead

(adjective)

masculine, singular of preta

preta - departed, gone to the other world, dead, a ghost

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used as first part of a compound

वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - control, power, authority, sway

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (preta+vaśa)

• preta – departed, gone to the other world, dead, a ghost
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: pra
  Root: i (class 2)
• vaśa – control, power, authority, sway
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of compound 'pretavaśam'

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, attained, having gone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, attained, reached

Past Passive Participle

Root: gam (class 1)

त्यक्ताः (tyaktāḥ) - abandoned, forsaken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tyakta

tyakta - abandoned, forsaken, given up

Past Passive Participle

Root: tyaj (class 1)

हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

(indeclinable)

एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly, evidently, certainly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Used adverbially

Prefix: vi

Root: añj (class 7)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

शक्ष्यन्ति (śakṣyanti) - they will be able

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future indicative (lṛṭ) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Root: jīv (class 1)