महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-145, verse-28

स्वर्गतो हि पिता वृद्धस्तथा माता चिरं तव ।
बान्धवा भूतपूर्वाश्च तत्र वासे तु का रतिः ॥२८॥

28. svargato hi pitā vṛddhastathā mātā ciraṁ tava ,
bāndhavā bhūtapūrvāśca tatra vāse tu kā ratiḥ.

28. svargataḥ hi pitā vṛddhaḥ tathā mātā ciram tava
bāndhavāḥ bhūtapūrvāḥ ca tatra vāse tu kā ratiḥ

28. Indeed, your father is old and has passed on to heaven (svargataḥ), and your mother has been there for a long time. Your relatives are also now 'former' (i.e., no longer living). So what delight can there be in dwelling in that place?

Words meanings summery:

• स्वर्गतः (svargataḥ) - gone to heaven, deceased

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• पिता (pitā) - father

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also

• माता (mātā) - mother

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

• भूतपूर्वाः (bhūtapūrvāḥ) - formerly existing, former

• च (ca) - and, also

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• वासे (vāse) - in dwelling, in residence

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, then

• का (kā) - what, who

• रतिः (ratiḥ) - pleasure, delight

Words meanings and morphology

स्वर्गतः (svargataḥ) - gone to heaven, deceased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svargata

svargata - gone to heaven, deceased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'gam' with the prefix 'svar' and past passive participle suffix -ta

Compound type : tatpurusha (svar+gata)

• svar – heaven, sky, light
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, arrived, passed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam'
  Root: gam (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'vṛdh' with past passive participle suffix -ta

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also

(indeclinable)

माता (mātā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāndhava

bāndhava - relative, kinsman, friend

Derived from 'bandhu' (relative) with suffix 'a'

भूतपूर्वाः (bhūtapūrvāḥ) - formerly existing, former

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūtapūrva

bhūtapūrva - formerly existing, former, past

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūta+pūrva)

• bhūta – been, become, past, creature
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'bhū' with past passive participle suffix -ta
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• pūrva – before, former, prior, eastern
  adjective (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

वासे (vāse) - in dwelling, in residence

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vāsa

vāsa - dwelling, residence, abode

Derived from the root 'vas' (to dwell)

Root: vas (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, then

(indeclinable)

का (kā) - what, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why

रतिः (ratiḥ) - pleasure, delight

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rati

rati - pleasure, delight, love, attachment

Derived from the root 'ram' (to delight)

Root: ram (class 1)