महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-145, verse-17

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तथा हि कथयन्तौ तौ भूयः शुश्रुवतुः स्वनम् ।
आर्तिजं तस्य विप्रस्य सभार्यस्य विशां पते ॥१७॥

17. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tathā hi kathayantau tau bhūyaḥ śuśruvatuḥ svanam ,
ārtijaṁ tasya viprasya sabhāryasya viśāṁ pate.

17. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca tathā hi kathayantau tau bhūyaḥ śuśruvatuḥ
svanam ārtijam tasya viprasya sabhāryasya viśām pate

17. Vaiśampāyana said: O Lord of the people, as they were speaking thus, they again heard a sound, which was born of the distress of that brahmin who was with his wife.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because, for

• कथयन्तौ (kathayantau) - speaking, narrating (dual, masculine)

• तौ (tau) - Referring to Bhīma and Kuntī. (those two, they (dual, masculine))

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, repeatedly

• शुश्रुवतुः (śuśruvatuḥ) - they two heard

• स्वनम् (svanam) - sound, noise

• आर्तिजम् (ārtijam) - born of distress, caused by suffering

• तस्य (tasya) - of that brahmin (of him, of that)

• विप्रस्य (viprasya) - of the brahmin

• सभार्यस्य (sabhāryasya) - with his wife, accompanied by his wife

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O master, O lord

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

root vac, Perfect, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because, for

(indeclinable)

कथयन्तौ (kathayantau) - speaking, narrating (dual, masculine)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kathayat

kathayat - speaking, narrating

Present Active Participle

root kath (denom. from kathā, or 10th class kath), Present Active Participle, Nominative Dual, Masculine

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Functions as a participle modifying 'tau'.

तौ (tau) - Referring to Bhīma and Kuntī. (those two, they (dual, masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

indeclinable adverb from bhūri

शुश्रुवतुः (śuśruvatuḥ) - they two heard

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of śru

Perfect Active

root śru, Perfect, 3rd Person Dual, Active Voice

Root: śru (class 5)

स्वनम् (svanam) - sound, noise

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svana

svana - sound, noise, voice

आर्तिजम् (ārtijam) - born of distress, caused by suffering

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ārtija

ārtija - born of distress, caused by suffering

from ārti (distress) + ja (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ārti+ja)

• ārti – distress, pain, suffering
  noun (feminine)
  from root ṛ 'to go, to move' with prefix ā + ti suffix
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 1)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  from root jan 'to be born'
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'svanam'.

तस्य (tasya) - of that brahmin (of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विप्रस्य (viprasya) - of the brahmin

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - brahmin, inspired, wise

सभार्यस्य (sabhāryasya) - with his wife, accompanied by his wife

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sabhārya

sabhārya - with wife, accompanied by wife

Bahuvrīhi compound: sa (with) + bhāryā (wife)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bhāryā)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• bhāryā – wife, she who is to be supported
  noun (feminine)
  Gerundive
  From root bhṛ 'to bear, support', suffix -yā, feminine
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'viprasya'.

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subject, settlement

पते (pate) - O master, O lord

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband

Note: Addressed to Janamejaya.