महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-145, verse-24

अर्थेप्सुता परं दुःखमर्थप्राप्तौ ततोऽधिकम् ।
जातस्नेहस्य चार्थेषु विप्रयोगे महत्तरम् ॥२४॥

24. arthepsutā paraṁ duḥkhamarthaprāptau tato'dhikam ,
jātasnehasya cārtheṣu viprayoge mahattaram.

24. artha īpsutā param duḥkham artha prāptau tataḥ adhikam
| jāta snehasya ca artheṣu viprayoge mahattaram

24. The desire for material prosperity (artha) is the supreme sorrow. Its attainment brings even greater sorrow than that. But for one who has developed affection for such worldly possessions, separation from them is the greatest of all.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्थ (artha) - purpose, wealth, material prosperity

• ईप्सुता (īpsutā) - desire, wish, longing

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, sorrow, pain

• अर्थ (artha) - purpose, wealth, material prosperity

• प्राप्तौ (prāptau) - in the attainment, in the obtaining

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that, thence, than that

• अधिकम् (adhikam) - greater, more, excessive

• जात (jāta) - born, produced, arisen

• स्नेहस्य (snehasya) - of affection, of love

• च (ca) - and

• अर्थेषु (artheṣu) - in material objects, in purposes, in wealth

• विप्रयोगे (viprayoge) - in separation, in disjunction

• महत्तरम् (mahattaram) - greater, very great, superior

Words meanings and morphology

अर्थ (artha) - purpose, wealth, material prosperity

(noun)

of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity

Note: First part of the compound 'arthepsutā'.

ईप्सुता (īpsutā) - desire, wish, longing

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of īpsutā

īpsutā - desire, wishing, longing

derived from the desiderative stem of 'āp' (to obtain) with suffix '-tā'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+īpsutā)

• artha – purpose, wealth, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)
• īpsutā – desire, wishing
  noun (feminine)
  derived from desiderative stem
  from 'īpsu' + 'tā'
  Root: āp (class 5)

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, excellent, primary

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, sorrow, pain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, sorrow, pain, misery

अर्थ (artha) - purpose, wealth, material prosperity

(noun)

of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity

Note: First part of the Tatpuruṣa compound 'arthaprāpti'.

प्राप्तौ (prāptau) - in the attainment, in the obtaining

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of prāpti

prāpti - attainment, acquisition, obtaining, reaching

derived from verbal root 'āp' with prefix 'pra' and suffix '-ti'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+prāpti)

• artha – purpose, wealth, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)
• prāpti – attainment, acquisition, obtaining
  noun (feminine)
  formed with suffix -ti
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

ततः (tataḥ) - from that, thence, than that

(indeclinable)

अधिकम् (adhikam) - greater, more, excessive

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adhika

adhika - greater, more, excessive, superior

जात (jāta) - born, produced, arisen

(adjective)

of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: First part of the compound 'jātasneha'.

स्नेहस्य (snehasya) - of affection, of love

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sneha

sneha - affection, love, oil, tenderness

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jāta+sneha)

• jāta – born, produced, arisen
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sneha – affection, love
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अर्थेषु (artheṣu) - in material objects, in purposes, in wealth

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity

विप्रयोगे (viprayoge) - in separation, in disjunction

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of viprayoga

viprayoga - separation, disjunction, abandonment

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: yuj

महत्तरम् (mahattaram) - greater, very great, superior

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahattara

mahattara - greater, very great, superior

comparative degree of 'mahat' (great)