योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-51, verse-35

कस्य स्वदन्तेऽसत्यानि कथमेव महामते ।
मृगतृष्णाजलानीव दृश्यान्यपि पुरःस्थितैः ॥ ३५ ॥

kasya svadante'satyāni kathameva mahāmate ,
mṛgatṛṣṇājalānīva dṛśyānyapi puraḥsthitaiḥ 35

35. kasya svadante asatyāni katham eva mahāmate
mṛgatṛṣṇājalāni iva dṛśyāni api puraḥsthiteiḥ

35. mahāmate,
kasya asatyāni svadante? eva katham (svadante)? puraḥsthiteiḥ dṛśyāni api mṛgatṛṣṇājalāni iva (na svadante)

35. O great-minded one (mahāmate), to whom, indeed, can unreal (asatya) things be pleasing? How can they be? It is just as even visible mirage waters (mṛgatṛṣṇājala) are not appealing to those who stand directly before them.

Words meanings summery:

• कस्य (kasya) - whose, to whom, of what

• स्वदन्ते (svadante) - are pleasing, taste good, are agreeable

• असत्यानि (asatyāni) - unreal things, falsehoods

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one, O highly intelligent one

• मृगतृष्णाजलानि (mṛgatṛṣṇājalāni) - mirage waters

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• दृश्यानि (dṛśyāni) - visible things, what is seen

• अपि (api) - also, even, moreover

• पुरःस्थितेइः (puraḥsthiteiḥ) - by those standing in front, by those present

Words meanings and morphology

कस्य (kasya) - whose, to whom, of what

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ka

ka - who, what, which

स्वदन्ते (svadante) - are pleasing, taste good, are agreeable

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of svad

Root: svad (class 1)

असत्यानि (asatyāni) - unreal things, falsehoods

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of asatya

asatya - unreal, untrue, false

Compound of a (not) and satya (true)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+satya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• satya – truth, real, true
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from sat (being)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used here as a substantive: 'unreal things'

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one, O highly intelligent one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmat

mahāmat - great-minded, intelligent, wise

Compound of mahā (great) and mat (mind, intellect)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• mati – mind, intelligence, thought, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)

मृगतृष्णाजलानि (mṛgatṛṣṇājalāni) - mirage waters

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of mṛgatṛṣṇājala

mṛgatṛṣṇājala - mirage water, water of deer's thirst

Compound of mṛga (deer), tṛṣṇā (thirst), and jala (water)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mṛga+tṛṣṇā+jala)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal
  noun (masculine)
• tṛṣṇā – thirst, craving, desire
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root tṛṣ (to thirst)
  Root: tṛṣ (class 4)
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

दृश्यानि (dṛśyāni) - visible things, what is seen

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of dṛśya

dṛśya - visible, to be seen, object of sight

Gerundive

Derived from root dṛś (to see) with ya suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used here as a substantive: 'visible things'

अपि (api) - also, even, moreover

(indeclinable)

पुरःस्थितेइः (puraḥsthiteiḥ) - by those standing in front, by those present

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of puraḥsthita

puraḥsthita - standing in front, present, situated before

Compound of puras (in front) and sthita (standing)

Compound type : avyayībhāva / tatpurusha (puras+sthita)

• puras – in front, before, eastward
  indeclinable
• sthita – established, located, standing, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sthā (to stand) with kta suffix
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used here as a substantive: 'by those who are standing in front'