योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-47, verse-50

अर्थोपार्जनरक्षाणां जानन्नपि कदर्थनाम् ।
यः करोति स्पृहां मूढो नृपशुं तं न संस्पृशेत् ॥ ५० ॥

arthopārjanarakṣāṇāṃ jānannapi kadarthanām ,
yaḥ karoti spṛhāṃ mūḍho nṛpaśuṃ taṃ na saṃspṛśet 50

50. arthopārjanarakṣāṇām jānan api kadarthanām yaḥ
karoti spṛhām mūḍhaḥ nṛpaśum tam na saṃspṛśet

50. yaḥ mūḍhaḥ arthopārjanarakṣāṇām kadarthanām
jānan api spṛhām karoti tam nṛpaśum na saṃspṛśet

50. Even though he knows the trouble (kadarthanām) involved in acquiring and protecting wealth, if a foolish person (mūḍha) still desires it, one should not associate with such a human-animal (nṛpaśu).

Words meanings summery:

• अर्थोपार्जनरक्षाणाम् (arthopārjanarakṣāṇām) - of the acquisition and protection of wealth

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing, perceiving

• अपि (api) - even though (even, also, although)

• कदर्थनाम् (kadarthanām) - misery, trouble, worthlessness, contempt

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• करोति (karoti) - expresses (a desire), has (a desire) (does, makes, performs)

• स्पृहाम् (spṛhām) - longing, desire, covetousness

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, deluded, ignorant; a foolish person

• नृपशुम् (nṛpaśum) - human animal, a brute among men

• तम् (tam) - referring to 'nṛpaśum' (him, that)

• न (na) - not, no

• संस्पृशेत् (saṁspṛśet) - one should not touch/associate with (one should touch, one should associate with)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्थोपार्जनरक्षाणाम् (arthopārjanarakṣāṇām) - of the acquisition and protection of wealth

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of arthopārjanarakṣā

arthopārjanarakṣā - acquisition and protection of wealth

Compound word

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+upārjana+rakṣā)

• artha – wealth, prosperity, purpose, meaning, object
  noun (masculine)
• upārjana – acquiring, earning, acquisition
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  From 'upa-' + root 'ṛj' (to acquire)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: ṛj (class 2)
• rakṣā – protection, guarding, preserving
  noun (feminine)
  verbal noun
  From root 'rakṣ' (to protect)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

जानन् (jānan) - knowing, perceiving

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, understanding

present active participle

From root 'jñā' (to know), Śatṛ participle

Root: jñā (class 9)

अपि (api) - even though (even, also, although)

(indeclinable)

कदर्थनाम् (kadarthanām) - misery, trouble, worthlessness, contempt

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kadarthanā

kadarthanā - misery, trouble, difficulty, contempt, worthlessness

`kad` (bad) + `arthanā` (striving for, purpose). Refers to the misery or difficulty arising from a bad purpose or striving.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

करोति (karoti) - expresses (a desire), has (a desire) (does, makes, performs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kṛ

present indicative

Parasmaipada verb, class 8

Root: kṛ (class 8)

स्पृहाम् (spṛhām) - longing, desire, covetousness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of spṛhā

spṛhā - longing, desire, covetousness, envy

From root 'spṛh' (to desire)

Root: spṛh (class 10)

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, deluded, ignorant; a foolish person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, stupid, deluded, ignorant

past passive participle

From root 'muh' (to be bewildered, confused)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Functions here as an adjective modifying the implied agent of 'karoti'.

नृपशुम् (nṛpaśum) - human animal, a brute among men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpaśu

nṛpaśu - human animal, a brute among men, a man like a beast

Compound word

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nṛ+paśu)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• paśu – animal, beast, cattle
  noun (masculine)

तम् (tam) - referring to 'nṛpaśum' (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

संस्पृशेत् (saṁspṛśet) - one should not touch/associate with (one should touch, one should associate with)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of saṃspṛś

optative mood

Parasmaipada verb, class 6, formed with 'sam-' prefix and root 'spṛś'

Prefix: sam

Root: spṛś (class 6)

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