योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-47, verse-20

भोगाभिगमदौर्भाग्यं दिनानुदिनमुज्झता ।
तेन तत्कुलमाभाति ताराचक्रमिवेन्दुना ॥ २० ॥

bhogābhigamadaurbhāgyaṃ dinānudinamujjhatā ,
tena tatkulamābhāti tārācakramivendunā 20

20. bhogābhigamadourbhāgyam dinānudinam ujjhatā
tena tat kulam ābhāti tārācakram iva indunā

20. dinānudinam bhogābhigamadourbhāgyam ujjhatā
tena tat kulam indunā tārācakram iva ābhāti

20. Through that person who day by day abandons the misfortune of pursuing pleasures, that family shines forth, just as a cluster of stars is illuminated by the moon.

Words meanings summery:

• भोगाभिगमदोउर्भाग्यम् (bhogābhigamadourbhāgyam) - the misfortune of approaching pleasures

• दिनानुदिनम् (dinānudinam) - day by day, daily

• उज्झता (ujjhatā) - by one who abandons, by the abandoning one

• तेन (tena) - by that virtuous person (by him, by that one)

• तत् (tat) - that

• कुलम् (kulam) - family, lineage, race

• आभाति (ābhāti) - shines brightly, appears, is radiant

• ताराचक्रम् (tārācakram) - a host of stars, a multitude of stars

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• इन्दुना (indunā) - by the moon

Words meanings and morphology

भोगाभिगमदोउर्भाग्यम् (bhogābhigamadourbhāgyam) - the misfortune of approaching pleasures

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhogābhigamadourbhāgya

bhogābhigamadourbhāgya - the misfortune of seeking/approaching enjoyments

Compound of bhoga (enjoyment), abhigama (approach), and dourbhāgya (misfortune).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhoga+abhigama+dourbhāgya)

• bhoga – enjoyment, pleasure
  noun (masculine)
• abhigama – approach, access, pursuit
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix abhi- + √gam (to go).
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: gam (class 1)
• dourbhāgya – misfortune, ill luck
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from durbhaga (unfortunate) with suffix -ya.

Note: Object of the participle 'ujjhatā'.

दिनानुदिनम् (dinānudinam) - day by day, daily

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhava compound of dina (day) and anu (after).

Note: Modifies the action of abandoning.

उज्झता (ujjhatā) - by one who abandons, by the abandoning one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ujjhat

ujjhat - abandoning, forsaking, leaving

Present Active Participle

From root √ujjh (to abandon, forsake).

Root: ujjh (class 6)

Note: Modifies the implied agent (the virtuous person), connecting with 'tena'.

तेन (tena) - by that virtuous person (by him, by that one)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the virtuous person who abandons pleasures.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies 'kulam'.

कुलम् (kulam) - family, lineage, race

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, clan

Note: Subject of the verb 'ābhāti'.

आभाति (ābhāti) - shines brightly, appears, is radiant

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ābhā

Root √bhā (to shine) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: bhā (class 2)

ताराचक्रम् (tārācakram) - a host of stars, a multitude of stars

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tārācakra

tārācakra - a host/multitude of stars

Compound of tārā (star) and cakra (circle, multitude).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tārā+cakra)

• tārā – star
  noun (feminine)
• cakra – wheel, circle, multitude, host
  noun (neuter)
  From root √car (to move).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Part of the simile, 'like a host of stars'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

इन्दुना (indunā) - by the moon

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of indu

indu - moon, drop, spot

Note: Agent in the simile, 'by the moon'.

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