योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-78, verse-7

पतन्ति चेतो दुःखानि तृष्णा गृध्र इवामिषम् ।
बुद्बुदः प्रावृषीवाप्सु शरीरं क्षणभङ्गुरम् ॥ ७ ॥

patanti ceto duḥkhāni tṛṣṇā gṛdhra ivāmiṣam ,
budbudaḥ prāvṛṣīvāpsu śarīraṃ kṣaṇabhaṅguram 7

7. patanti cetaḥ duḥkhāni tṛṣṇā gṛdhraḥ iva āmiṣam
budbudaḥ prāvṛṣī iva apsu śarīram kṣaṇabhaṅguram

7. duḥkhāni cetaḥ patanti tṛṣṇā gṛdhraḥ iva āmiṣam
śarīram prāvṛṣī iva apsu budbudaḥ kṣaṇabhaṅguram

7. Sorrows fall upon the mind (cetas), and craving (tṛṣṇā) seizes it like a vulture seizes its prey. The body is transient, like a bubble in water during the rainy season.

Words meanings summery:

• पतन्ति (patanti) - fall (they fall, they descend)

• चेतः (cetaḥ) - mind (cetas) (mind, heart, consciousness)

• दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows (sorrows, sufferings, pains)

• तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - craving (tṛṣṇā) (thirst, desire, craving, longing)

• गृध्रः (gṛdhraḥ) - vulture (vulture, greedy person)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as if, similar to)

• आमिषम् (āmiṣam) - prey (flesh, prey, meat, bait, object of desire)

• बुद्बुदः (budbudaḥ) - bubble (bubble, froth)

• प्रावृषी (prāvṛṣī) - in the rainy season

• इव (iva) - like (like, as if, similar to)

• अप्सु (apsu) - in water (in waters, in water)

• शरीरम् (śarīram) - the body (body, physical form)

• क्षणभङ्गुरम् (kṣaṇabhaṅguram) - transient (momentary, transient, perishable in a moment)

Words meanings and morphology

पतन्ति (patanti) - fall (they fall, they descend)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

चेतः (cetaḥ) - mind (cetas) (mind, heart, consciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cetas

cetas - mind, intellect, heart, consciousness, thought

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Used here in a locative sense ('on the mind'), though morphologically nominative or accusative.

दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows (sorrows, sufferings, pains)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - pain, sorrow, suffering, misery, difficulty

Note: Subject of 'patanti'

तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - craving (tṛṣṇā) (thirst, desire, craving, longing)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tṛṣṇā

tṛṣṇā - thirst, desire, craving, longing

Root: tṛṣ (class 4)

Note: The subject of the implied verb, acting like a gṛdhra on āmiṣam

गृध्रः (gṛdhraḥ) - vulture (vulture, greedy person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛdhra

gṛdhra - vulture, greedy person

Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Used in a simile

इव (iva) - like (like, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

आमिषम् (āmiṣam) - prey (flesh, prey, meat, bait, object of desire)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āmiṣa

āmiṣa - flesh, meat, prey, bait, food, object of enjoyment or desire

Note: Object of the implied verb of seizing/attacking

बुद्बुदः (budbudaḥ) - bubble (bubble, froth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of budbuda

budbuda - bubble, froth, foam

Note: Used in a simile

प्रावृषी (prāvṛṣī) - in the rainy season

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of prāvṛṣ

prāvṛṣ - the rainy season, monsoon

इव (iva) - like (like, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

अप्सु (apsu) - in water (in waters, in water)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Note: Always plural in Sanskrit (apsu).

शरीरम् (śarīram) - the body (body, physical form)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal frame, physical form

Root: śṝ (class 9)

Note: Subject of implied 'is'

क्षणभङ्गुरम् (kṣaṇabhaṅguram) - transient (momentary, transient, perishable in a moment)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣaṇabhaṅgura

kṣaṇabhaṅgura - fragile, momentary, perishable in an instant, transient

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣaṇa+bhaṅgura)

• kṣaṇa – moment, instant
  noun (masculine)
• bhaṅgura – fragile, brittle, perishable, breaking
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from root √bhañj (to break)
  Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'śarīram'