योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-52, verse-20

तेन नीरन्ध्रभूतौघनिःसंचारं महीतलम् ।
भवति प्रावृषि स्वेदी कुञ्जरो मशकैरिव ॥ २० ॥

tena nīrandhrabhūtaughaniḥsaṃcāraṃ mahītalam ,
bhavati prāvṛṣi svedī kuñjaro maśakairiva 20

20. tena nīrandhrabhūtaughaniḥsaṃcāram mahītalam
bhavati prāvṛṣi svedī kuñjaraḥ maśakaiḥ iva

20. tena mahītalam nīrandhrabhūtaughaniḥsaṃcāram bhavati,
prāvṛṣi svedī kuñjaraḥ maśakaiḥ iva.

20. Because of that [previous condition], the surface of the earth becomes impassable, filled with dense throngs of beings (bhūta), just as a sweaty elephant is [bothered] by mosquitoes (maśaka) in the rainy season.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that, by him, by it

• नीरन्ध्रभूतौघनिःसंचारम् (nīrandhrabhūtaughaniḥsaṁcāram) - impassable due to dense multitudes of beings

• महीतलम् (mahītalam) - the surface of the earth, the ground

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, exists

• प्रावृषि (prāvṛṣi) - in the rainy season

• स्वेदी (svedī) - sweaty, perspiring

• कुञ्जरः (kuñjaraḥ) - elephant

• मशकैः (maśakaiḥ) - mosquitoes (maśaka) (by mosquitoes)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that, by him, by it

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the condition or state described in the previous verse.

नीरन्ध्रभूतौघनिःसंचारम् (nīrandhrabhūtaughaniḥsaṁcāram) - impassable due to dense multitudes of beings

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nīrandhrabhūtaughaniḥsaṃcāra

nīrandhrabhūtaughaniḥsaṁcāra - without passage due to dense crowds of beings, impassable with throngs of creatures

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nīrandhra+bhūta+ogha+niḥsaṃcāra)

• nīrandhra – without a gap, dense, compact
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound 'nis' + 'randhra'
  Prefix: nis
• bhūta – being, creature, element
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'bhū'
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ogha – flood, multitude, mass, crowd
  noun (masculine)
• niḥsaṃcāra – without movement, impassable, without passage
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound 'nis' + 'sam' + 'cara'
  Prefixes: nis+sam
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Adverbially used here, agreeing with 'mahītalam'.

महीतलम् (mahītalam) - the surface of the earth, the ground

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahītala

mahītala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+tala)

• mahī – earth
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, flat ground, plain
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'bhavati'.

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present active indicative

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'mahītalam'.

प्रावृषि (prāvṛṣi) - in the rainy season

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of prāvṛṣ

prāvṛṣ - rainy season

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

स्वेदी (svedī) - sweaty, perspiring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svedin

svedin - sweating, perspiring, hot

From root 'svid' (to sweat)

Root: svid (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'kuñjaraḥ'.

कुञ्जरः (kuñjaraḥ) - elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant

Note: The subject in the simile.

मशकैः (maśakaiḥ) - mosquitoes (maśaka) (by mosquitoes)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of maśaka

maśaka - mosquito, gnat

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

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