योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-52, verse-17

भगवान्स यमः किंचिद्गते प्रतिचतुर्युगे ।
तपः प्रकुरुते भूतदलनात्पापशङ्कया ॥ १७ ॥

bhagavānsa yamaḥ kiṃcidgate praticaturyuge ,
tapaḥ prakurute bhūtadalanātpāpaśaṅkayā 17

17. bhagavān saḥ yamaḥ kiñcit gate prati-caturyuge
tapaḥ prakurute bhūta-dalanāt pāpa-śaṅkayā

17. saḥ bhagavān yamaḥ kiñcit prati-caturyuge gate
bhūta-dalanāt pāpa-śaṅkayā tapaḥ prakurute

17. Lord Yama, when a certain period has passed in each cycle of four ages (caturyuga), undertakes austerity (tapas) out of apprehension of sin stemming from the destruction of beings.

Words meanings summery:

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - divine, glorious, blessed, Lord

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama (the god of death and justice)

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - some, a little, something, a certain

• गते (gate) - having gone, passed, elapsed

• प्रति-चतुर्युगे (prati-caturyuge) - in each cycle of four ages (caturyuga)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas), penance, heat

• प्रकुरुते (prakurute) - he performs, he undertakes, he does

• भूत-दलनात् (bhūta-dalanāt) - from the crushing/destruction of beings

• पाप-शङ्कया (pāpa-śaṅkayā) - out of fear of sin, by apprehension of sin

Words meanings and morphology

भगवान् (bhagavān) - divine, glorious, blessed, Lord

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - divine, glorious, blessed, venerable, Lord, God

Root: bhaj (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama (the god of death and justice)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama, controller, restraint, twin

Root: yam (class 1)

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - some, a little, something, a certain

(indeclinable)

गते (gate) - having gone, passed, elapsed

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of gata

gata - gone, passed, departed, elapsed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रति-चतुर्युगे (prati-caturyuge) - in each cycle of four ages (caturyuga)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of prati-caturyuga

prati-caturyuga - each cycle of four ages

Compound type : avyayībhāva (prati+caturyuga)

• prati – towards, regarding, for each
  indeclinable
• caturyuga – a cycle of four ages (Kṛta, Tretā, Dvāpara, Kali)
  noun (neuter)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas), penance, heat

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth, spiritual austerity, penance, self-discipline

Root: tap (class 1)

प्रकुरुते (prakurute) - he performs, he undertakes, he does

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

भूत-दलनात् (bhūta-dalanāt) - from the crushing/destruction of beings

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhūta-dalana

bhūta-dalana - crushing/destruction of beings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūta+dalana)

• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from verb root bhū
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• dalana – crushing, breaking, suppressing, splitting
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dal (class 1)

पाप-शङ्कया (pāpa-śaṅkayā) - out of fear of sin, by apprehension of sin

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of pāpa-śaṅkā

pāpa-śaṅkā - fear of sin, apprehension of sin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+śaṅkā)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wickedness
  noun (neuter)
• śaṅkā – fear, apprehension, doubt, suspicion
  noun (feminine)
  Root: śaṅk (class 1)