योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-52, verse-23

वैवस्वतोऽद्य तु यमो य एष पितृनायकः ।
अनेन त्वधुना साधो परिक्षीणेषु केषुचित् ॥ २३ ॥

vaivasvato'dya tu yamo ya eṣa pitṛnāyakaḥ ,
anena tvadhunā sādho parikṣīṇeṣu keṣucit 23

23. vaivasvataḥ adya tu yamaḥ yaḥ eṣaḥ pitṛnāyakaḥ
anena tu adhunā sādho parikṣīṇeṣu keṣucit

23. sādho adya tu eṣaḥ vaivasvataḥ yamaḥ yaḥ
pitṛnāyakaḥ anena tu adhunā keṣucit parikṣīṇeṣu

23. O good one, this very Yama, the son of Vivasvat, who is the lord of the ancestors (pitṛnāyaka), will now, by his action, when some (ages) are greatly diminished...

Words meanings summery:

• वैवस्वतः (vaivasvataḥ) - son of Vivasvat, Yama (the lord of death)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now, at present

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama, the lord of death and justice

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• पितृनायकः (pitṛnāyakaḥ) - lord of the ancestors, leader of the forefathers (pitṛs)

• अनेन (anena) - by Yama (by this, by him)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• अधुना (adhunā) - now, at present

• साधो (sādho) - O good one, O righteous one, O sage

• परिक्षीणेषु (parikṣīṇeṣu) - in some ages that are greatly diminished or corrupted (in those that are completely diminished, exhausted, or corrupted)

• केषुचित् (keṣucit) - in some ages (in some, in a few)

Words meanings and morphology

वैवस्वतः (vaivasvataḥ) - son of Vivasvat, Yama (the lord of death)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaivasvata

vaivasvata - son of Vivasvat; Yama

derived from Vivasvat (sun god)

अद्य (adya) - today, now, at present

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama, the lord of death and justice

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (lord of death); restraint, control

Root: yam (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

पितृनायकः (pitṛnāyakaḥ) - lord of the ancestors, leader of the forefathers (pitṛs)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛnāyaka

pitṛnāyaka - lord of the ancestors; leader of the forefathers

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+nāyaka)

• pitṛ – father; ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• nāyaka – leader, chief, lord
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nī (class 1)

अनेन (anena) - by Yama (by this, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Yama.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

अधुना (adhunā) - now, at present

(indeclinable)

साधो (sādho) - O good one, O righteous one, O sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous; a sage, an ascetic

Root: sādh (class 5)

परिक्षीणेषु (parikṣīṇeṣu) - in some ages that are greatly diminished or corrupted (in those that are completely diminished, exhausted, or corrupted)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of parikṣīṇa

parikṣīṇa - completely diminished, exhausted, wasted, corrupted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṣi (to decay, perish) with prefix pari (completely)

Prefix: pari

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `keṣucit yugeṣu` from the next verse.

केषुचित् (keṣucit) - in some ages (in some, in a few)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of kaścid

kaścid - someone, something, some, a certain

Indefinite pronoun formed by adding 'cid' to 'kim'

Note: Refers to `yugeṣu` in the next verse.