योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-52, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
यो जीवस्यादितः स्वप्नो नानाकलनकोमलः ।
तमिमं विद्धि संसारं न सत्यं नाप्यसन्मयम् ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
yo jīvasyāditaḥ svapno nānākalanakomalaḥ ,
tamimaṃ viddhi saṃsāraṃ na satyaṃ nāpyasanmayam 1

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca yaḥ jīvasya āditaḥ svapnaḥ nānākalana-komalaḥ
tam imam viddhi saṃsāram na satyam na api asanmayam

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca yaḥ jīvasya āditaḥ svapnaḥ nānākalana-komalaḥ
tam imam saṃsāram viddhi na satyam na api asanmayam

1. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: Know that this cycle of existence (saṃsāra) is exactly like the dream which, from the very beginning, belongs to the individual soul (jīva) and is tender with its various imaginings. It is neither truly real nor entirely unreal.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha (a revered sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यः (yaḥ) - which, who (relative pronoun)

• जीवस्य (jīvasya) - of the individual soul (jīva)

• आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, originally, first

• स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - dream, sleep

• नानाकलन-कोमलः (nānākalana-komalaḥ) - tender/delicate with various imaginings/creations

• तम् (tam) - that (masculine accusative singular)

• इमम् (imam) - this (masculine accusative singular)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand, realize

• संसारम् (saṁsāram) - the cycle of existence (saṃsāra)

• न (na) - not, nor

• सत्यम् (satyam) - real, true, existent

• न (na) - not, nor

• अपि (api) - also, even, indeed

• असन्मयम् (asanmayam) - consisting of non-existence, unreal

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha (a revered sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - Venerable Vasiṣṭha; a revered sage, one of the seven great sages (Ṛṣis)

'śrī' (auspicious, glorious) + 'vasiṣṭha' (proper name).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – auspicious, glorious, wealth, prosperity, goddess Lakṣmī
  adjective/noun (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha (name of a prominent Vedic sage)
  proper noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense, active voice

Perfect form of 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - which, who (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who (relative pronoun)

जीवस्य (jīvasya) - of the individual soul (jīva)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - living being, individual soul, life principle (jīva)

From root 'jīv' (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Possessive, 'of the jīva'.

आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, originally, first

(indeclinable)

From 'ādi' with 'tas'-suffix for ablative/adverbial sense.

Note: The 'tas' suffix often indicates 'from' or 'from the point of'.

स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - dream, sleep

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - dream, sleep, dreaming

From root 'svap' (to sleep).

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Predicate for 'yaḥ'.

नानाकलन-कोमलः (nānākalana-komalaḥ) - tender/delicate with various imaginings/creations

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nānākalana-komala

nānākalana-komala - tender/soft due to various imaginings/perceptions/creations

Tatpuruṣa compound or similar.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nānā+ākalana+komala)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold, many
  indeclinable (adjective)
• ākalana – imagination, conception, creation, seizing, collecting
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'kal' (to count, compute) with prefix 'ā-'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kal (class 10)
• komala – tender, soft, delicate, charming
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'svapnaḥ'.

तम् (tam) - that (masculine accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one (demonstrative pronoun)

Correlative to 'yad'.

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

इमम् (imam) - this (masculine accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand, realize

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

imperative, active voice

Irregular imperative 2nd singular of root 'vid' (class 2).

Root: vid (class 2)

संसारम् (saṁsāram) - the cycle of existence (saṃsāra)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃsāra

saṁsāra - wandering through, transmigration, the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (saṃsāra)

From root 'sṛ' (to flow, move) with prefix 'sam-'.

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'viddhi'.

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

सत्यम् (satyam) - real, true, existent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - true, real, existent, truth, reality

From 'sat' (being, existing).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with implied 'saṃsāra'.

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

अपि (api) - also, even, indeed

(indeclinable)

Intensifying particle.

असन्मयम् (asanmayam) - consisting of non-existence, unreal

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asanmaya

asanmaya - consisting of non-existence, unreal, unsubstantial

Compound 'a-sat' (non-existent) + 'maya' (consisting of).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (a-sat+maya)

• a-sat – non-existent, unreal, false, untrue
  adjective (neuter)
  'a' (negation) + 'sat' (existent).
  Prefix: a
  Root: as (class 2)
• maya – made of, consisting of, full of
  suffix (adjective-forming) (neuter)
  Suffix indicating material or nature.

Note: Agrees with implied 'saṃsāra'.