योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-2, verse-32

अयं सोऽहं रुदन्मूढ इति व्यर्थाहितो भ्रमः ।
शरदीवासितो मेघः कदा नाशमुपैष्यति ॥ ३२ ॥

ayaṃ so'haṃ rudanmūḍha iti vyarthāhito bhramaḥ ,
śaradīvāsito meghaḥ kadā nāśamupaiṣyati 32

32. ayam saḥ aham rudan mūḍhaḥ iti vyartha āhitaḥ
bhramaḥ śaradi iva asitaḥ meghaḥ kadā nāśam upaiṣyati

32. kadā ayam saḥ aham rudan mūḍhaḥ iti vyartha āhitaḥ
bhramaḥ śaradi asitaḥ meghaḥ iva nāśam upaiṣyati?

32. When will this uselessly ingrained delusion (bhrama) – "I am this deluded one, crying" – vanish, like a dark cloud in autumn (śarad)?

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• सः (saḥ) - that, that one

• अहम् (aham) - the individual ego (ahaṅkāra) that identifies itself with the body and mind (I)

• रुदन् (rudan) - experiencing sorrow and expressing it through tears (crying, weeping)

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - caught in ignorance and confusion regarding one's true nature (deluded, foolish, bewildered)

• इति (iti) - marks the end of a direct quote or thought, here indicating the content of the delusion (thus, so, in this way)

• व्यर्थ (vyartha) - lacking any beneficial purpose, serving no spiritual goal in the long run (useless, futile, vain, meaningless)

• आहितः (āhitaḥ) - deeply seated or established (delusion) within the mind (placed, fixed, ingrained, implanted)

• भ्रमः (bhramaḥ) - the fundamental error of identifying the self (ātman) with the non-self (body, mind, etc.) (delusion, error, wandering, illusion)

• शरदि (śaradi) - referring to the season when clouds disperse and the sky becomes clear (in autumn)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• असितः (asitaḥ) - referring to the color of the cloud (dark, black, unbound)

• मेघः (meghaḥ) - a metaphor for transient phenomena that obscure clear vision (cloud)

• कदा (kadā) - when?

• नाशम् (nāśam) - the complete cessation or dissolution of the delusion (destruction, disappearance)

• उपैष्यति (upaiṣyati) - will reach the state of destruction or dissolution (will approach, will attain, will come to)

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Nominative singular masculine form of the demonstrative pronoun idam.

सः (saḥ) - that, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine form of the demonstrative pronoun tad.

अहम् (aham) - the individual ego (ahaṅkāra) that identifies itself with the body and mind (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

First person singular nominative pronoun.

रुदन् (rudan) - experiencing sorrow and expressing it through tears (crying, weeping)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rudat

rudat - crying, weeping

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root rud (to cry).

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Modifies the implied 'I' (aham).

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - caught in ignorance and confusion regarding one's true nature (deluded, foolish, bewildered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - deluded, foolish, bewildered, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root muh (to be bewildered, confused).

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Modifies the implied 'I' (aham).

इति (iti) - marks the end of a direct quote or thought, here indicating the content of the delusion (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

व्यर्थ (vyartha) - lacking any beneficial purpose, serving no spiritual goal in the long run (useless, futile, vain, meaningless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyartha

vyartha - useless, vain, without purpose

Compound: vi (without) + artha (purpose/meaning).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (vi+artha)

• vi – without, separation, negation
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or negation.
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'bhramaḥ' in conjunction with 'āhitaḥ'.

आहितः (āhitaḥ) - deeply seated or established (delusion) within the mind (placed, fixed, ingrained, implanted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhita

āhita - placed, set, fixed, ingrained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā (to place) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'bhramaḥ'.

भ्रमः (bhramaḥ) - the fundamental error of identifying the self (ātman) with the non-self (body, mind, etc.) (delusion, error, wandering, illusion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrama

bhrama - delusion, error, wandering, illusion, confusion

Derived from root bhram (to wander, to be confused).

Root: bhram (class 1)

शरदि (śaradi) - referring to the season when clouds disperse and the sky becomes clear (in autumn)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarad

śarad - autumn, a year

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

असितः (asitaḥ) - referring to the color of the cloud (dark, black, unbound)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asita

asita - dark, black; not bound, free

From a (negation) + sita (white, bound).

Note: Modifies 'meghaḥ'.

मेघः (meghaḥ) - a metaphor for transient phenomena that obscure clear vision (cloud)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of megha

megha - cloud, rain-cloud

Derived from root mih (to sprinkle).

Root: mih (class 1)

कदा (kadā) - when?

(indeclinable)

नाशम् (nāśam) - the complete cessation or dissolution of the delusion (destruction, disappearance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nāśa

nāśa - destruction, disappearance, ruin

Derived from root naś (to perish, disappear).

Root: naś (class 4)

उपैष्यति (upaiṣyati) - will reach the state of destruction or dissolution (will approach, will attain, will come to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of i

Future Tense

3rd person singular future active of root i with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)