योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-2, verse-14

किमिदं नाम संसारभ्रमणं किमिमे जनाः ।
भूतानि च विचित्राणि किमायान्ति प्रयान्ति किं ॥ १४ ॥

kimidaṃ nāma saṃsārabhramaṇaṃ kimime janāḥ ,
bhūtāni ca vicitrāṇi kimāyānti prayānti kiṃ 14

14. kim idam nāma saṃsārabramaṇam kim ime janāḥ
bhūtāni ca vicitrāṇi kim āyānti prayānti kim

14. idam saṃsārabramaṇam nāma kim ime janāḥ kim
ca vicitrāṇi bhūtāni kim āyānti kim prayānti

14. What, indeed, is this cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra)? What are these people, and these various beings? Why do they appear and then depart?

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• इदम् (idam) - this

• नाम (nāma) - name, indeed, by name

• संसारब्रमणम् (saṁsārabramaṇam) - cycle of transmigration, wandering through existence

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• इमे (ime) - these

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

• भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures, elements

• च (ca) - and, also

• विचित्राणि (vicitrāṇi) - various, diverse, wonderful

• किम् (kim) - why, what

• आयान्ति (āyānti) - they come, they arrive

• प्रयान्ति (prayānti) - they go forth, they depart

• किम् (kim) - why, what

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what, why

(interrogative pronoun)

इदम् (idam) - this

(demonstrative pronoun)

नाम (nāma) - name, indeed, by name

(indeclinable)

संसारब्रमणम् (saṁsārabramaṇam) - cycle of transmigration, wandering through existence

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃsārabramaṇa

saṁsārabramaṇa - wandering through existence, cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃsāra+bramaṇa)

• saṃsāra – transmigration, cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra), mundane existence
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• bramaṇa – wandering, roaming, moving about
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  from root √bhram + ana (suffix)
  Root: bhram (class 1)

किम् (kim) - what, why

(interrogative pronoun)

इमे (ime) - these

(demonstrative pronoun)

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, man, creature

भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures, elements

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle (when adjective)

Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विचित्राणि (vicitrāṇi) - various, diverse, wonderful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vicitra

vicitra - variegated, diverse, wonderful, strange

Note: Agrees with 'bhūtāni'

किम् (kim) - why, what

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'why'

आयान्ति (āyānti) - they come, they arrive

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √yā

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

प्रयान्ति (prayānti) - they go forth, they depart

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √yā

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

किम् (kim) - why, what

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'why'

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