योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-2, verse-30

निर्वातदीपलेखेव कदा चित्तं गतव्यथम् ।
शममेष्यति हे बुद्धे सुप्रकाशघनान्तरम् ॥ ३० ॥

nirvātadīpalekheva kadā cittaṃ gatavyatham ,
śamameṣyati he buddhe suprakāśaghanāntaram 30

30. nirvātadīpalekhā iva kadā cittam gatavyatham
śamam eṣyati he buddhe suprakāśaghanāntaram

30. he buddhe,
gatavyatham cittam nirvātadīpalekhā iva kadā śamam eṣyati suprakāśaghanāntaram

30. O intellect (buddhi)! When will the mind (citta), free from suffering, attain tranquility (śama) and become intensely luminous within, like the flame of a lamp in a windless place?

Words meanings summery:

• निर्वातदीपलेखा (nirvātadīpalekhā) - the steady flame of a lamp in a calm, windless environment, serving as a simile for a stable mind (lamp flame in a windless place, steady flame)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• कदा (kadā) - when?

• चित्तम् (cittam) - the seat of thought, emotion, and perception (mind, consciousness, thought)

• गतव्यथम् (gatavyatham) - the mind that has transcended all pain and agitation (free from suffering, whose distress is gone)

• शमम् (śamam) - the state of mental calmness and cessation of disturbances (peace, tranquility, cessation)

• एष्यति (eṣyati) - will come to possess or experience (tranquility) (will go, will attain, will reach)

• हे (he) - addressing the intellect (buddhi) (O! (vocative particle))

• बुद्धे (buddhe) - addressed to the faculty of discerning wisdom or intelligence (O intellect!)

• सुप्रकाशघनान्तरम् (suprakāśaghanāntaram) - possessing an inner state of great luminosity and clarity; referring to the mind when it is purified and enlightened (intensely luminous within, profoundly bright inside)

Words meanings and morphology

निर्वातदीपलेखा (nirvātadīpalekhā) - the steady flame of a lamp in a calm, windless environment, serving as a simile for a stable mind (lamp flame in a windless place, steady flame)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nirvātadīpalekhā

nirvātadīpalekhā - lamp flame in a windless place

Compound formed from nirvāta (windless), dīpa (lamp), and lekhā (flame/streak).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nirvāta+dīpa+lekhā)

• nirvāta – windless, calm (without wind)
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vā (to blow) with prefix nis (out, without) and kta suffix.
  Prefix: nis
  Root: vā (class 2)
• dīpa – lamp, light
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dīp (to shine).
  Root: dīp (class 4)
• lekhā – line, streak, flame
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root likh (to write, scratch).
  Root: likh (class 6)

Note: Used in simile 'like a lamp flame'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

कदा (kadā) - when?

(indeclinable)

चित्तम् (cittam) - the seat of thought, emotion, and perception (mind, consciousness, thought)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, consciousness, thought, heart

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root cit (to perceive, observe, think).

Root: cit (class 1)

गतव्यथम् (gatavyatham) - the mind that has transcended all pain and agitation (free from suffering, whose distress is gone)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gatavyatha

gatavyatha - free from suffering/distress, whose suffering is gone

Bahuvrīhi compound: gata (gone) + vyathā (distress).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+vyathā)

• gata – gone, past, reached
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)
• vyathā – suffering, distress, pain, agitation
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root vyath (to tremble, be agitated).
  Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'cittam'.

शमम् (śamam) - the state of mental calmness and cessation of disturbances (peace, tranquility, cessation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - tranquility, peace, calm, cessation of passions

Derived from root śam (to be calm, to cease).

Root: śam (class 4)

एष्यति (eṣyati) - will come to possess or experience (tranquility) (will go, will attain, will reach)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of eṣyati

Future Tense

3rd person singular future active of root i.

Root: i (class 2)

हे (he) - addressing the intellect (buddhi) (O! (vocative particle))

(indeclinable)

बुद्धे (buddhe) - addressed to the faculty of discerning wisdom or intelligence (O intellect!)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, reason, perception

Derived from root budh (to know, understand).

Root: budh (class 1)

सुप्रकाशघनान्तरम् (suprakāśaghanāntaram) - possessing an inner state of great luminosity and clarity; referring to the mind when it is purified and enlightened (intensely luminous within, profoundly bright inside)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of suprakāśaghanāntara

suprakāśaghanāntara - intensely luminous within

Compound: su (good/intensely) + prakāśa (light) + ghana (dense/profound) + antara (inside).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+prakāśa+ghana+antara)

• su – good, well, very, intensely
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable indicating excellence or intensity.
• prakāśa – light, luminosity, splendor
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kāś (to shine) with prefix pra (forth).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kāś (class 1)
• ghana – dense, thick, profound, intense
  adjective (masculine)
• antara – inside, internal, middle, difference
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'cittam'.