योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-25, verse-31

अथ शम्बरदैत्येन ये ये सेनाधिनायकाः ।
क्रियन्ते यत्नतस्तांस्तु जघ्नुर्यत्नपराः सुराः ॥ ३१ ॥

atha śambaradaityena ye ye senādhināyakāḥ ,
kriyante yatnatastāṃstu jaghnuryatnaparāḥ surāḥ 31

31. atha śambara daityena ye ye senādhināyakāḥ
kriyante yatnataḥ tān tu jaghnuḥ yatnaparāḥ surāḥ

31. atha śambara daityena ye ye senādhināyakāḥ yatnataḥ kriyante,
tān tu yatnaparāḥ surāḥ jaghnuḥ

31. Then, all the army commanders whom the demon Śambara painstakingly appointed, those very ones were killed by the zealous gods.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

• शम्बर (śambara) - Name of a demon

• दैत्येन (daityena) - by the demon

• ये (ye) - whoever, which

• ये (ye) - whoever, which

• सेनाधिनायकाः (senādhināyakāḥ) - army commanders

• क्रियन्ते (kriyante) - are made, are done, are appointed

• यत्नतः (yatnataḥ) - diligently, with effort, assiduously

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - killed, struck

• यत्नपराः (yatnaparāḥ) - intent on effort, diligent, zealous

• सुराः (surāḥ) - the gods

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating beginning or sequence.

शम्बर (śambara) - Name of a demon

(proper noun)

masculine, singular of śambara

śambara - Name of a powerful demon, often mentioned in Puranas.

Note: Part of a Tatpurusha compound 'śambara-daityena'.

दैत्येन (daityena) - by the demon

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of daitya

daitya - a demon, a son or descendant of Diti

Note: Forms a Tatpurusha compound 'śambara-daityena' with 'śambara', meaning 'by the demon Śambara'.

ये (ye) - whoever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Used in reduplication 'ye ye' for distributive sense 'whichever ones'.

ये (ye) - whoever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Used in reduplication 'ye ye' for distributive sense 'whichever ones'.

सेनाधिनायकाः (senādhināyakāḥ) - army commanders

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of senādhināyaka

senādhināyaka - army commander, general

Compound of senā (army) and adhināyaka (leader, commander).

Compound type : tatpurusha (senā+adhināyaka)

• senā – army, troop, host
  noun (feminine)
• adhināyaka – leader, chief, commander
  noun (masculine)
  From upasarga adhi- (अधि) + root nī (1P) 'to lead' + suffix -aka.
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'kriyante'.

क्रियन्ते (kriyante) - are made, are done, are appointed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Tense

Root kṛ (8U) 'to do, make' in present passive voice, 3rd person plural.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Passive verb, with 'śambara daityena' as agent.

यत्नतः (yatnataḥ) - diligently, with effort, assiduously

(indeclinable)

From yatna (effort) + suffix -tas (adverbial).

Note: Modifies 'kriyante'.

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, those

Note: Refers to the 'senādhināyakāḥ' (commanders). Object of 'jaghnuḥ'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - killed, struck

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of han

Perfect Tense

Root han (2P) 'to kill, strike' in perfect tense, 3rd person plural active.

Root: han (class 2)

यत्नपराः (yatnaparāḥ) - intent on effort, diligent, zealous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yatnapara

yatnapara - intent on effort, diligent, zealous, striving

Compound of yatna (effort) and para (intent on, devoted to).

Compound type : tatpurusha (yatna+para)

• yatna – effort, exertion, zeal, diligence
  noun (masculine)
• para – supreme, highest; intent on, devoted to, next
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'surāḥ'.

सुराः (surāḥ) - the gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sura

sura - a god, a deity, celestial being

Note: Subject of 'jaghnuḥ'.

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