योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-98, verse-20

पृष्टः स कस्त्वं किमिदं केनार्थेन करोषि वा ।
किं नामाभिमतं तेऽत्र किं मुधा परिमुह्यसि ॥ २० ॥

pṛṣṭaḥ sa kastvaṃ kimidaṃ kenārthena karoṣi vā ,
kiṃ nāmābhimataṃ te'tra kiṃ mudhā parimuhyasi 20

20. pṛṣṭaḥ saḥ kaḥ tvam kim idam kena arthena karoṣi vā
kim nāma abhimatam te atra kim mudhā parimuhyasi

20. saḥ pṛṣṭaḥ: "tvam kaḥ? idam kim? kena arthena vā (tvam)
karoṣi? atra te kim nāma abhimatam? kim mudhā parimuhyasi?"

20. When asked, (I said to him): 'Who are you? What is this? For what purpose do you do this? What, indeed, is your intention here? Why are you fruitlessly bewildered?'

Words meanings summery:

• पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - asked, questioned, having been asked

• सः (saḥ) - The bewildered person from the previous verses. (he, that (person))

• कः (kaḥ) - 'Who are you?' (who, what)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• किम् (kim) - 'What is this?' (what)

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to the activity being described in previous verses. (this, this (thing))

• केन (kena) - by what, with what

• अर्थेन (arthena) - by purpose, by meaning, by reason

• करोषि (karoṣi) - you do, you make

• वा (vā) - Used to connect alternative questions. (or, optionally)

• किम् (kim) - 'What is your desired intention?' (what)

• नाम (nāma) - Emphasizes the question, 'what, pray tell, is your intention'. (indeed, by name, forsooth)

• अभिमतम् (abhimatam) - 'What is your desired purpose?' (desired, intended, approved)

• ते (te) - Here, dative (to you) or genitive (your). 'What is desired by you.' (to you, your, by you)

• अत्र (atra) - Referring to the current situation or place. (here, in this matter)

• किम् (kim) - 'Why do you...' (why, what (as an interrogative particle))

• मुधा (mudhā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

• परिमुह्यसि (parimuhyasi) - you are greatly bewildered, you are utterly confused

Words meanings and morphology

पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - asked, questioned, having been asked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭa

pṛṣṭa - asked, questioned, inquired

Past Passive Participle

from root `prach` (to ask)

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ`.

सः (saḥ) - The bewildered person from the previous verses. (he, that (person))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'was'.

कः (kaḥ) - 'Who are you?' (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

किम् (kim) - 'What is this?' (what)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Refers to the activity.

इदम् (idam) - Refers to the activity being described in previous verses. (this, this (thing))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

केन (kena) - by what, with what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

Note: Instrumental, implying 'by what means/purpose'.

अर्थेन (arthena) - by purpose, by meaning, by reason

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, object, wealth, reason

Note: Goes with `kena`.

करोषि (karoṣi) - you do, you make

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kṛ

present active

2nd person singular, present indicative, active voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वा (vā) - Used to connect alternative questions. (or, optionally)

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - 'What is your desired intention?' (what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

नाम (nāma) - Emphasizes the question, 'what, pray tell, is your intention'. (indeed, by name, forsooth)

(indeclinable)

अभिमतम् (abhimatam) - 'What is your desired purpose?' (desired, intended, approved)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhimata

abhimata - desired, wished, intended, approved, liked

Past Passive Participle

from root `man` with prefix `abhi-`

Prefix: abhi

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Used substantively as 'that which is desired'.

ते (te) - Here, dative (to you) or genitive (your). 'What is desired by you.' (to you, your, by you)

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form.

अत्र (atra) - Referring to the current situation or place. (here, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - 'Why do you...' (why, what (as an interrogative particle))

(indeclinable)

मुधा (mudhā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

(indeclinable)

परिमुह्यसि (parimuhyasi) - you are greatly bewildered, you are utterly confused

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of muh

present active

from root `muh` (class 4), with prefix `pari-`. 2nd person singular, present indicative, active voice.

Prefix: pari

Root: muh (class 4)