योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-48

तदैव धर्मराजेन यमेनाश्वनुशासितः ।
यदेव क्रियते नित्यं रतिस्तत्रैव जायते ॥ ४८ ॥

tadaiva dharmarājena yamenāśvanuśāsitaḥ ,
yadeva kriyate nityaṃ ratistatraiva jāyate 48

48. tadaiva dharmarājena yamena aśu anuśāsitaḥ
yat eva kriyate nityam ratiḥ tatra eva jāyate

48. tadaiva dharmarājena yamena aśu anuśāsitaḥ (saḥ).
yat eva nityam kriyate,
tatra eva ratiḥ jāyate.

48. Then indeed, he (Death) was swiftly disciplined by Yama, the King of (dharma). For whatever is done constantly, attachment (rati) to that very thing arises.

Words meanings summery:

• तदैव (tadaiva) - then indeed, at that very time

• धर्मराजेन (dharmarājena) - by Yama (dharmarāja) (by the King of (dharma), by Yama)

• यमेन (yamena) - by Yama (the god of death)

• अशु (aśu) - quickly, swiftly

• अनुशासितः (anuśāsitaḥ) - (he was) disciplined (disciplined, instructed, governed)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• क्रियते (kriyate) - is done, is performed

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always

• रतिः (ratiḥ) - attachment, delight, pleasure, love

• तत्र (tatra) - in that very thing (there, in that, in that place)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, happens

Words meanings and morphology

तदैव (tadaiva) - then indeed, at that very time

(indeclinable)

Compound of tad (that) and eva (indeed).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (tad+eva)

• tad – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• eva – indeed, only, just, quite
  indeclinable

धर्मराजेन (dharmarājena) - by Yama (dharmarāja) (by the King of (dharma), by Yama)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of (dharma), a title of Yama

Compound of dharma (natural law) and rāja (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

यमेन (yamena) - by Yama (the god of death)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama, the god of death and justice

Root: yam (class 1)

अशु (aśu) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

अनुशासितः (anuśāsitaḥ) - (he was) disciplined (disciplined, instructed, governed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuśāsita

anuśāsita - disciplined, instructed, governed, ruled

Past Passive Participle

From root śās (to teach, rule) with upasarga anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Refers to an implied subject, likely Mṛtyu from the previous verse.

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Used in a general sense, 'whatever (thing)'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

क्रियते (kriyate) - is done, is performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present 3rd person singular middle/passive

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always

(indeclinable)

Can function as an adverb when in neuter accusative singular.

Note: Used adverbially.

रतिः (ratiḥ) - attachment, delight, pleasure, love

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rati

rati - attachment, delight, pleasure, love

From root ram (to delight, enjoy).

Root: ram (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - in that very thing (there, in that, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Formed from tad (that) + suffix -tra.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Present 3rd person singular middle/passive of jan (to be born), often used in passive sense as 'arises'.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Root jan is often Atmanepadi in this sense.

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