वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-5, verse-9

प्रगृह्य नियमान् घोरान् राक्षसा नृपसत्तम ।
विचेरुस्ते तपो घोरं सर्वभूतभयावहम् ॥९॥

9. pragṛhya niyamān ghorān rākṣasā nṛpasattama ,
viceruste tapo ghoraṃ sarvabhūtabhayāvaham.

9. pragṛhya niyamān ghorān rākṣasā nṛpasattama
viceruḥ te tapaḥ ghoram sarvabhūtabhayāvaham

9. nṛpasattama rākṣasāḥ ghorān niyamān pragṛhya
te ghoram sarvabhūtabhayāvaham tapaḥ viceruḥ

9. O best among kings, the Rākṣasas, having adopted severe vows, performed terrible austerities (tapas) that struck fear into all living beings.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having undertaken, having adopted, having seized

• नियमान् (niyamān) - vows, restraints, rules

• घोरान् (ghorān) - terrible, dreadful, severe

• राक्षसा (rākṣasā) - Rākṣasas (demons)

• नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best among kings

• विचेरुः (viceruḥ) - they performed, they practiced, they wandered

• ते (te) - the Rākṣasas (they)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful

• सर्वभूतभयावहम् (sarvabhūtabhayāvaham) - causing fear to all beings

Words meanings and morphology

प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having undertaken, having adopted, having seized

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Derived from root `grah` with prefix `pra`, forming an absolutive.

Prefix: pra

Root: grah (class 9)

नियमान् (niyamān) - vows, restraints, rules

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of niyama

niyama - rule, restraint, vow, religious observance

Derived from root `yam` with prefix `ni`.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

घोरान् (ghorān) - terrible, dreadful, severe

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, formidable

Note: Agrees with `niyamān`.

राक्षसा (rākṣasā) - Rākṣasas (demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a demon, a Rākṣasa (class of mythical beings)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best among kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpasattama

nṛpasattama - best among kings

Superlative compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpa+sattama)

• nṛpa – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama.
  Root: as (class 2)

विचेरुः (viceruḥ) - they performed, they practiced, they wandered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vicar

Root `car` with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Forms a compound verb `vi-car`.

ते (te) - the Rākṣasas (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `rākṣasāḥ`.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - religious austerity, penance, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, formidable

Note: Agrees with `tapaḥ`.

सर्वभूतभयावहम् (sarvabhūtabhayāvaham) - causing fear to all beings

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarvabhūtabhayāvaha

sarvabhūtabhayāvaha - causing fear to all beings

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarva+bhūta+bhaya+āvaha)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhūta – a being, creature, element
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `bhū`.
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root `bhī`.
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• āvaha – bringing, causing, producing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root `vah` with prefix `ā`.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Refers to `tapaḥ`.