वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-5, verse-38

सुमालेरनुजस्तस्यां जनयामास यत् प्रभो ।
अपत्यं कथ्यमानं तन्मया त्वं शृणु राघव ॥३८॥

38. sumāleranujastasyāṃ janayāmāsa yat prabho ,
apatyaṃ kathyamānaṃ tanmayā tvaṃ śṛṇu rāghava.

38. sumāleḥ anujaḥ tasyām janayāmāsa yat prabho
apatyam kathyamanam tat mayā tvam śṛṇu rāghava

38. prabho rāghava,
tvam mayā kathyamanam yat apatyam sumāleḥ anujaḥ tasyām janayāmāsa tat śṛṇu

38. O Lord (prabho), O Rāghava, listen as I narrate the offspring that Sumali's younger brother begot through her.

Words meanings summery:

• सुमालेः (sumāleḥ) - of Sumali

• अनुजः (anujaḥ) - younger brother (of Sumali) (younger brother)

• तस्याम् (tasyām) - in her (referring to Vasuda) (in her, to her, by her)

• जनयामास (janayāmāsa) - he begot (he begot, he produced)

• यत् (yat) - what (offspring) (which, what)

• प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord (addressed to Rāma) (O Lord, O master)

• अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring (offspring, child)

• कथ्यमनम् (kathyamanam) - which is being narrated (being told, being narrated)

• तत् (tat) - that (offspring) (that, therefore)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (listen, hear)

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rāghava (addressed to Rāma) (O descendant of Raghu, O Rāghava)

Words meanings and morphology

सुमालेः (sumāleḥ) - of Sumali

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sumāli

sumāli - name of a rākṣasa chief

अनुजः (anujaḥ) - younger brother (of Sumali) (younger brother)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuja

anuja - younger brother, born after

From anu (after) + ja (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anu+ja)

• anu – after, along, with
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix.
• ja – born, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jan.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The younger brother mentioned is Māli.

तस्याम् (tasyām) - in her (referring to Vasuda) (in her, to her, by her)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to Vasudā from the previous verse.

जनयामास (janayāmāsa) - he begot (he begot, he produced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of jan

Perfect

Causative stem janaya- + perfect ending -āmāsa (3rd person singular, active).

Root: jan (class 4)

यत् (yat) - what (offspring) (which, what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Refers to 'apatyam'.

प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord (addressed to Rāma) (O Lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, king

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring (offspring, child)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apatya

apatya - offspring, child, descendant

From apa (away) + pat (to fall), lit. 'that which falls away from the parents'.

Prefix: apa

Root: pat (class 1)

कथ्यमनम् (kathyamanam) - which is being narrated (being told, being narrated)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kathyamāna

kathyamāna - being spoken, being told

Present Passive Participle

From root kath (to tell) with suffix -yamāna (passive participle).

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'apatyam'.

तत् (tat) - that (offspring) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the offspring just mentioned.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent in passive construction 'kathyamanam mayā'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Note: Subject of 'śṛṇu'.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative

Second person singular imperative active.

Root: śru (class 5)

राघव (rāghava) - O Rāghava (addressed to Rāma) (O descendant of Raghu, O Rāghava)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, name of Rāma

Patronymic from Raghu.