वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-5, verse-40

ततस्तु ते राक्षसपुंगवास्त्रयो निशाचरैः पुत्रशतैश्च संवृताः ।
सुरान् सहेन्द्रानृषिनागदानवान्बबाधिरे ते बलवीर्यदर्पिताः ॥४०॥

40. tatastu te rākṣasapuṃgavāstrayo niśācaraiḥ putraśataiśca saṃvṛtāḥ ,
surān sahendrānṛṣināgadānavānbabādhire te balavīryadarpitāḥ.

40. tataḥ tu te rākṣasapuṅgavāḥ trayaḥ
niśācaraiḥ putraśataiḥ ca
saṃvṛtāḥ surān sahendrān ṛṣināgadanavān
babādhire te balavīryadarpitāḥ

40. tataḥ tu te trayaḥ rākṣasapuṅgavāḥ,
niśācaraiḥ putraśataiḥ ca saṃvṛtāḥ,
balavīryadarpitāḥ te,
sahendrān surān ṛṣināgadanavān babādhire

40. Then, those three chief rākṣasas, accompanied by hundreds of their demon sons, became arrogant with their strength and valor, and harassed the gods along with Indra, the sages, serpents, and danavas.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore)

• तु (tu) - however (but, however, on the other hand)

• ते (te) - those (rākṣasas) (they, those)

• राक्षसपुङ्गवाः (rākṣasapuṅgavāḥ) - chief rākṣasas (chief of rākṣasas, foremost rākṣasas)

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three (rākṣasas) (three)

• निशाचरैः (niśācaraiḥ) - by their demon sons (by night-wanderers, by demons)

• पुत्रशतैः (putraśataiḥ) - by hundreds of sons (their own sons) (by hundreds of sons)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• संवृताः (saṁvṛtāḥ) - accompanied (by) (surrounded, covered, accompanied)

• सुरान् (surān) - the gods (gods)

• सहेन्द्रान् (sahendrān) - along with Indra (with Indra, including Indra)

• ऋषिनागदनवान् (ṛṣināgadanavān) - sages, serpents, and danavas (rishis, nāgas, and danavas)

• बबाधिरे (babādhire) - they harassed (they harassed, oppressed, tormented)

• ते (te) - they (the rākṣasas) (they, those)

• बलवीर्यदर्पिताः (balavīryadarpitāḥ) - arrogant with their strength and valor (proud of strength and valor, arrogant with power and might)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore)

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - however (but, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those (rākṣasas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, they

Note: Refers to the three main rākṣasas (Māli's sons).

राक्षसपुङ्गवाः (rākṣasapuṅgavāḥ) - chief rākṣasas (chief of rākṣasas, foremost rākṣasas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasapuṅgava

rākṣasapuṅgava - chief of rākṣasas, excellent rākṣasa

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+puṅgava)

• rākṣasa – rākṣasa, demon
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the three principal rākṣasas (Mali's sons).

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three (rākṣasas) (three)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the three chief rākṣasas.

निशाचरैः (niśācaraiḥ) - by their demon sons (by night-wanderers, by demons)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, rākṣasa

From niśā (night) + cara (mover, wanderer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering, going
  adjective (masculine)
  From root car.
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Used with 'putraśataiḥ ca saṃvṛtāḥ' to indicate accompaniment.

पुत्रशतैः (putraśataiḥ) - by hundreds of sons (their own sons) (by hundreds of sons)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of putraśata

putraśata - hundreds of sons, a hundred sons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+śata)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)

Note: Used with 'niśācaraiḥ ca saṃvṛtāḥ' to indicate accompaniment.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

संवृताः (saṁvṛtāḥ) - accompanied (by) (surrounded, covered, accompanied)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, surrounded, accompanied, concealed

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'rākṣasapuṅgavāḥ trayaḥ'.

सुरान् (surān) - the gods (gods)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Note: Object of 'babādhire'.

सहेन्द्रान् (sahendrān) - along with Indra (with Indra, including Indra)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sahendra

sahendra - with Indra, accompanied by Indra

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+indra)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'with'.
• indra – Indra (name of the chief of gods)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'surān'.

ऋषिनागदनवान् (ṛṣināgadanavān) - sages, serpents, and danavas (rishis, nāgas, and danavas)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣināgadanava

ṛṣināgadanava - rishis, nāgas, and danavas

Compound type : dvandva (ṛṣi+nāga+danava)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
• nāga – serpent, snake-deity
  noun (masculine)
• danava – a class of demons, sons of Danu
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'babādhire'.

बबाधिरे (babādhire) - they harassed (they harassed, oppressed, tormented)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (lit) of badh

Perfect

Third person plural perfect ātmanepada.

Root: badh (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'te rākṣasapuṅgavāḥ trayaḥ'.

ते (te) - they (the rākṣasas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, they

Note: Subject for the implied verb 'to be' that links to 'balavīryadarpitāḥ'.

बलवीर्यदर्पिताः (balavīryadarpitāḥ) - arrogant with their strength and valor (proud of strength and valor, arrogant with power and might)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of balavīryadarpita

balavīryadarpita - proud of strength and valor, arrogant with power and might

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bala+vīrya+darpita)

• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)
• vīrya – valor, heroism, energy
  noun (neuter)
• darpita – made proud, arrogant, haughty
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dṛp (to be proud, arrogant) with suffix -ita.
  Root: dṛp (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'te' (the rākṣasas).