वाल्मीकि-रामायणम्
vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam
-
book-7, chapter-24, verse-4
दीर्घकेश्यः सुचार्वङ्ग्यः पूर्णचन्द्रनिभाननाः ।
शोकायत्तास्तरुण्यश्च समस्ता स्तननम्रिताः ॥४॥
शोकायत्तास्तरुण्यश्च समस्ता स्तननम्रिताः ॥४॥
4. dīrghakeśyaḥ sucārvaṅgyaḥ pūrṇacandranibhānanāḥ ,
śokāyattāstaruṇyaśca samastā stananamritāḥ.
śokāyattāstaruṇyaśca samastā stananamritāḥ.
4.
dīrghakeśyaḥ sucārv-aṅgyaḥ pūrṇacandranibhānanāḥ
śokāyattāḥ taruṇyaḥ ca samastāḥ stananamritāḥ
śokāyattāḥ taruṇyaḥ ca samastāḥ stananamritāḥ
4.
dīrghakeśyaḥ sucārv-aṅgyaḥ pūrṇacandranibhānanāḥ
śokāyattāḥ samastāḥ taruṇyaḥ ca stananamritāḥ
śokāyattāḥ samastāḥ taruṇyaḥ ca stananamritāḥ
4.
They were long-haired, with very beautiful limbs, and faces resembling the full moon. These young women, all overwhelmed by sorrow, were bowed down by their breasts.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दीर्घकेश्यः (dīrghakeśyaḥ) - long-haired
- सुचार्व्-अङ्ग्यः (sucārv-aṅgyaḥ) - having very beautiful limbs/body, exquisitely beautiful-bodied
- पूर्णचन्द्रनिभाननाः (pūrṇacandranibhānanāḥ) - having faces like the full moon
- शोकायत्ताः (śokāyattāḥ) - overwhelmed by sorrow, dependent on sorrow
- तरुण्यः (taruṇyaḥ) - young women, maidens
- च (ca) - and
- समस्ताः (samastāḥ) - all, entire, whole
- स्तननम्रिताः (stananamritāḥ) - bowed down, likely in sadness, with their breasts prominent (bowed by their breasts, with breasts causing them to stoop)
Words meanings and morphology
दीर्घकेश्यः (dīrghakeśyaḥ) - long-haired
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of dīrghakeśī
dīrghakeśī - long-haired
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīrgha+keśa)
- dīrgha – long
adjective - keśa – hair
noun (masculine)
Note: modifies taruṇyaḥ (implied)
सुचार्व्-अङ्ग्यः (sucārv-aṅgyaḥ) - having very beautiful limbs/body, exquisitely beautiful-bodied
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of sucārv-aṅgī
sucārv-aṅgī - having very beautiful limbs, exquisitely beautiful-bodied
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+cāru+aṅga)
- su – good, well, very
indeclinable - cāru – beautiful, lovely
adjective - aṅga – limb, body, part
noun (neuter)
Note: modifies taruṇyaḥ (implied)
पूर्णचन्द्रनिभाननाः (pūrṇacandranibhānanāḥ) - having faces like the full moon
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of pūrṇacandranibhānanā
pūrṇacandranibhānanā - having faces resembling the full moon
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pūrṇa+candra+nibha+ānana)
- pūrṇa – full, complete
adjective
Past Passive Participle
from root pṛ
Root: pṛ (class 9) - candra – moon
noun (masculine) - nibha – like, resembling, similar
adjective - ānana – face, mouth
noun (neuter)
Note: modifies taruṇyaḥ (implied)
शोकायत्ताः (śokāyattāḥ) - overwhelmed by sorrow, dependent on sorrow
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of śokāyattā
śokāyattā - overwhelmed by sorrow, dependent on sorrow
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+āyatta)
- śoka – sorrow, grief
noun (masculine)
Root: śuc (class 1) - āyatta – dependent, subject to, controlled by
adjective
Past Passive Participle
from root yat with prefix ā
Prefix: ā
Root: yat (class 1)
Note: modifies taruṇyaḥ
तरुण्यः (taruṇyaḥ) - young women, maidens
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of taruṇī
taruṇī - young woman, maiden
Note: main subject (implied verb 'were')
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: connects attributes or sentences
समस्ताः (samastāḥ) - all, entire, whole
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of samasta
samasta - all, entire, whole, assembled
Past Passive Participle
from root as with prefix sam
Prefix: sam
Root: as (class 4)
Note: modifies taruṇyaḥ
स्तननम्रिताः (stananamritāḥ) - bowed down, likely in sadness, with their breasts prominent (bowed by their breasts, with breasts causing them to stoop)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of stananamritā
stananamritā - bowed by breasts, stooping due to breasts
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (stana+namrita)
- stana – breast
noun (masculine) - namrita – bowed, bent, humbled
adjective
Past Passive Participle
from root nam (to bow, bend)
Root: nam (class 1)
Note: modifies taruṇyaḥ, implying either heavy breasts or bowing in sorrow