वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-24, verse-1

निवर्तमानः संहृष्टो रावणः स दुरात्मवान् ।
जह्रे पथि नरेन्द्रर्षिदेवगन्धर्वकन्यकाः ॥१॥

1. nivartamānaḥ saṃhṛṣṭo rāvaṇaḥ sa durātmavān ,
jahre pathi narendrarṣidevagandharvakanyakāḥ.

1. nivartamānaḥ saṃhṛṣṭaḥ rāvaṇaḥ saḥ durātmavān
| jahre pathi narendrarṣidevagandharvakanyakāḥ

1. That joyous Rāvaṇa, the evil-minded one, while returning, abducted on the way the maidens of kings, sages, gods, and gandharvas.

Words meanings summery:

• निवर्तमानः (nivartamānaḥ) - while returning (returning, turning back)

• संहृष्टः (saṁhṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful (joyful, delighted, excited)

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa (proper name))

• सः (saḥ) - that (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

• दुरात्मवान् (durātmavān) - the evil-minded one (evil-minded, wicked, malicious)

• जह्रे (jahre) - he abducted (he abducted, carried off, took away)

• पथि (pathi) - on the way (on the path, on the way)

• नरेन्द्रर्षिदेवगन्धर्वकन्यकाः (narendrarṣidevagandharvakanyakāḥ) - the maidens of royal sages, gods, and gandharvas (maidens of kings, sages, gods, and gandharvas)

Words meanings and morphology

निवर्तमानः (nivartamānaḥ) - while returning (returning, turning back)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivartamāna

nivartamāna - returning, turning back, ceasing

present middle participle

Derived from √vṛt (to turn) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rāvaṇaḥ'.

संहृष्टः (saṁhṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful (joyful, delighted, excited)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃhṛṣṭa

saṁhṛṣṭa - joyful, delighted, excited

past passive participle

Derived from √hṛṣ (to be excited) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'rāvaṇaḥ'.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (king of Laṅkā, a rākṣasa)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सः (saḥ) - that (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa, emphasizing his identity.

दुरात्मवान् (durātmavān) - the evil-minded one (evil-minded, wicked, malicious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durātmavat

durātmavat - evil-minded, wicked, malicious

Derived from durātman (evil self) with matup suffix.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dus+ātman)

• dus – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, mind
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'rāvaṇaḥ'.

जह्रे (jahre) - he abducted (he abducted, carried off, took away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of hṛ

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Perfect active (ātmanepada) form.

पथि (pathi) - on the way (on the path, on the way)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way

नरेन्द्रर्षिदेवगन्धर्वकन्यकाः (narendrarṣidevagandharvakanyakāḥ) - the maidens of royal sages, gods, and gandharvas (maidens of kings, sages, gods, and gandharvas)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of narendrarṣidevagandharvakanyakā

narendrarṣidevagandharvakanyakā - maidens of kings, sages, gods, and gandharvas

Compound: narendra + ṛṣi + deva + gandharva + kanyakā

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (narendra+ṛṣi+deva+gandharva+kanyakā)

• narendra – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: nara (man) + indra (lord)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
• deva – god, deity, divine being
  noun (masculine)
• gandharva – gandharva (a class of celestial beings, often musicians or semi-divine)
  noun (masculine)
• kanyakā – maiden, virgin, daughter, girl
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'jahre'.