वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-24, verse-35

स तत्र कारयामास राज्यं निहतकण्टकम् ।
सा च शूर्पणखा प्रीता न्यवसद्दण्डकावने ॥३५॥

35. sa tatra kārayāmāsa rājyaṃ nihatakaṇṭakam ,
sā ca śūrpaṇakhā prītā nyavasaddaṇḍakāvane.

35. saḥ tatra kārayām āsa rājyam nihatakaṇṭakam
sā ca śūrpaṇakhā prītā nyavasat daṇḍakāvane

35. saḥ tatra nihatakaṇṭakam rājyam kārayām āsa
ca sā prītā śūrpaṇakhā daṇḍakāvane nyavasat

35. He established a kingdom free from obstacles (nihatakaṇṭakam) there, and the pleased Shurpanakha dwelt in the Daṇḍaka forest.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (referring to Khara) (he, that)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in the Daṇḍaka forest) (there, in that place)

• कारयाम् (kārayām) - caused to be established (caused to be done, caused to be made)

• आस (āsa) - (he) was (the auxiliary verb in 'kārayām āsa') (he was)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - a kingdom (kingdom, rule, sovereignty)

• निहतकण्टकम् (nihatakaṇṭakam) - free from obstacles (free from thorns/enemies, having its obstacles removed)

• सा (sā) - She (referring to Shurpanakha) (she, that (feminine))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• शूर्पणखा (śūrpaṇakhā) - Shurpanakha (sister of Ravana) (Shurpanakha (proper name))

• प्रीता (prītā) - pleased (pleased, delighted)

• न्यवसत् (nyavasat) - she dwelt (she dwelt, resided)

• दण्डकावने (daṇḍakāvane) - in the Daṇḍaka forest

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (referring to Khara) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Khara.

तत्र (tatra) - there (in the Daṇḍaka forest) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the Daṇḍaka forest.

कारयाम् (kārayām) - caused to be established (caused to be done, caused to be made)

(indeclinable)

Periphrastic Perfect auxiliary

Accusative singular of a noun from the causative root kṛ- (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: First part of the periphrastic perfect.

आस (āsa) - (he) was (the auxiliary verb in 'kārayām āsa') (he was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary verb for the periphrastic perfect 'kārayām āsa'.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - a kingdom (kingdom, rule, sovereignty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty, rule

Note: Object of 'kārayām āsa'.

निहतकण्टकम् (nihatakaṇṭakam) - free from obstacles (free from thorns/enemies, having its obstacles removed)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nihatakaṇṭaka

nihatakaṇṭaka - free from enemies, thorns, obstacles

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nihata+kaṇṭaka)

• nihata – slain, destroyed, removed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from prefix ni- + root han- (to strike, kill)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: han (class 2)
• kaṇṭaka – thorn, enemy, obstacle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'rājyam'.

सा (sā) - She (referring to Shurpanakha) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Shurpanakha.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunctive particle.

शूर्पणखा (śūrpaṇakhā) - Shurpanakha (sister of Ravana) (Shurpanakha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śūrpaṇakhā

śūrpaṇakhā - Shurpanakha (name of a rākṣasī, sister of Ravana)

Note: Subject of 'nyavasat'.

प्रीता (prītā) - pleased (pleased, delighted)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, delighted, satisfied

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root prī- (to please, satisfy)

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'śūrpaṇakhā'.

न्यवसत् (nyavasat) - she dwelt (she dwelt, resided)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of nivas

Derived from prefix ni- + root vas- (to dwell)

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Past action.

दण्डकावने (daṇḍakāvane) - in the Daṇḍaka forest

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of daṇḍakāvana

daṇḍakāvana - Daṇḍaka forest

Compound type : tatpurusha (daṇḍaka+vana)

• daṇḍaka – Daṇḍaka (name of a region/forest)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location for 'nyavasat'.