वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-24, verse-10

किं नु मे दुष्कृतं कर्म कृतं देहान्तरे पुरा ।
ततो ऽस्मि धर्षितानेन पतिता शोकसागरे ॥१०॥

10. kiṃ nu me duṣkṛtaṃ karma kṛtaṃ dehāntare purā ,
tato'smi dharṣitānena patitā śokasāgare.

10. kim nu me duṣkṛtam karma kṛtam dehāntare purā
tataḥ asmi dharṣitā anena patitā śokasāgare

10. me purā dehāntare kim nu duṣkṛtam karma kṛtam
tataḥ anena dharṣitā śokasāgare patitā asmi

10. What evil action (karma) have I certainly performed in a previous body (deha) formerly? As a result, I have been disgraced by him and have fallen into an ocean of sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - What (evil)? (what?, why?)

• नु (nu) - certainly (certainly, indeed)

• मे (me) - my (implied for my karma) (to me, for me, my)

• दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - evil deed (evil deed, sin, misdeed)

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed (action, deed, ritual, fate)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - performed (done, made, performed)

• देहान्तरे (dehāntare) - in a previous body/life (in another body, in another life)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, before (formerly, previously)

• ततः (tataḥ) - therefore, as a result (then, thence, therefore)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• धर्षिता (dharṣitā) - disgraced, humiliated (disgraced, humiliated, violated)

• अनेन (anena) - by him (Rāvaṇa) (by this, by him)

• पतिता (patitā) - fallen

• शोकसागरे (śokasāgare) - into an ocean of sorrow (in an ocean of sorrow, in a sea of grief)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - What (evil)? (what?, why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, why?, how much?, who?

नु (nu) - certainly (certainly, indeed)

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my (implied for my karma) (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Also used for genitive singular.

दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - evil deed (evil deed, sin, misdeed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkṛta

duṣkṛta - misdeed, evil action, sin

Past Passive Participle

From dus + kṛ (to do)

Prefix: dus

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used as a noun here, agreeing with 'karma'.

कर्म (karma) - action, deed (action, deed, ritual, fate)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate (karma)

From root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - performed (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'karma'.

देहान्तरे (dehāntare) - in a previous body/life (in another body, in another life)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dehāntara

dehāntara - another body, another life, another state of existence

Compound type : tatpurusha (deha+antara)

• deha – body, form, person
  noun (masculine)
• antara – interior, interval, other, difference
  noun (neuter)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, before (formerly, previously)

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - therefore, as a result (then, thence, therefore)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active Indicative

Root: as (class 2)

धर्षिता (dharṣitā) - disgraced, humiliated (disgraced, humiliated, violated)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharṣita

dharṣita - humiliated, disgraced, attacked, violated

Past Passive Participle

From root dhṛṣ (to be bold, attack) with causative sense

Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied 'aham' (I, feminine speaker).

अनेन (anena) - by him (Rāvaṇa) (by this, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

पतिता (patitā) - fallen

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, outcast

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied 'aham' (I, feminine speaker).

शोकसागरे (śokasāgare) - into an ocean of sorrow (in an ocean of sorrow, in a sea of grief)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śokasāgara

śokasāgara - ocean of sorrow, sea of grief

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+sāgara)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc (to sorrow)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative can indicate location or direction ('into').