वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-11, verse-39

एवमुक्तः प्रहस्तेन रावणो राक्षसस्तदा ।
विवेश नगरीं लङ्कां सभ्राता सबलानुगः ॥३९॥

39. evamuktaḥ prahastena rāvaṇo rākṣasastadā ,
viveśa nagarīṃ laṅkāṃ sabhrātā sabalānugaḥ.

39. evam uktaḥ prahastena rāvaṇaḥ rākṣasaḥ tadā
viveśa nagarīm laṅkām sa-bhrātā sa-bala-anugaḥ

39. tadā prahastena evam uktaḥ rākṣasaḥ rāvaṇaḥ
sa-bhrātā sa-bala-anugaḥ laṅkām nagarīm viveśa

39. Thus addressed by Prahasta, Rāvaṇa, the demon, at that time, entered the city of Laṅkā accompanied by his brother and his retinue.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

• प्रहस्तेन (prahastena) - by Prahasta

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - the demon (Rāvaṇa) (a demon, a rākṣasa)

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

• विवेश (viveśa) - he entered (he entered, he penetrated)

• नगरीम् (nagarīm) - the city (city, town)

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Laṅkā

• स-भ्राता (sa-bhrātā) - accompanied by his brother (with brother, accompanied by his brother)

• स-बल-अनुगः (sa-bala-anugaḥ) - accompanied by his retinue (with his army and followers, accompanied by his forces and attendants)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak, say)

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रहस्तेन (prahastena) - by Prahasta

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prahasta

prahasta - Prahasta (a rākṣasa general, Rāvaṇa's uncle)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the king of Laṅkā)

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - the demon (Rāvaṇa) (a demon, a rākṣasa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a demon, a rākṣasa

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

विवेश (viveśa) - he entered (he entered, he penetrated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of viś

Perfect 3rd singular Active

Form of √viś (to enter) in Perfect tense

Root: viś (class 6)

नगरीम् (nagarīm) - the city (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nagarī

nagarī - city, town

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Laṅkā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Laṅkā (name of the capital city of Rāvaṇa)

स-भ्राता (sa-bhrātā) - accompanied by his brother (with brother, accompanied by his brother)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sa-bhrātṛ

sa-bhrātṛ - with a brother, accompanied by a brother

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bhrātṛ)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix 'sa' indicating 'with' or 'accompanied by'
• bhrātṛ – brother
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa being accompanied.

स-बल-अनुगः (sa-bala-anugaḥ) - accompanied by his retinue (with his army and followers, accompanied by his forces and attendants)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sa-bala-anuga

sa-bala-anuga - with an army and followers, accompanied by his forces and attendants

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bala+anuga)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix 'sa' indicating 'with' or 'accompanied by'
• bala – force, strength, army
  noun (neuter)
• anuga – follower, attendant
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from anu-√gam (to follow)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa being accompanied.

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