वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-11, verse-16

निहत्य तांस्तु समरे विष्णुना प्रभविष्णुना ।
देवानां वशमानीतं त्रैलोक्यमिदमव्ययम् ॥१६॥

16. nihatya tāṃstu samare viṣṇunā prabhaviṣṇunā ,
devānāṃ vaśamānītaṃ trailokyamidamavyayam.

16. nihatya tān tu samare viṣṇunā prabhaviṣṇunā
devānām vaśam ānītam trailokyam idam avyayam

16. tu viṣṇunā prabhaviṣṇunā samare tān nihatya
idam avyayam trailokyam devānām vaśam ānītam

16. Having killed them in battle, Vishnu, the powerful one, brought this imperishable triple world under the control of the devas.

Words meanings summery:

• निहत्य (nihatya) - having struck down, having killed

• तान् (tān) - them (masculine)

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• विष्णुना (viṣṇunā) - by Vishnu

• प्रभविष्णुना (prabhaviṣṇunā) - by the powerful one, by the mighty one

• देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods, of the devas

• वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, subjugation

• आनीतम् (ānītam) - brought, led, attained

• त्रैलोक्यम् (trailokyam) - the three worlds

• इदम् (idam) - this (neuter)

• अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable, undecaying

Words meanings and morphology

निहत्य (nihatya) - having struck down, having killed

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From prefix ni + root han (to strike, kill) + suffix -tvā (as -tya after prefixes)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

तान् (tān) - them (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the 'daityas' from the previous verse.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to emphasize the action.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

विष्णुना (viṣṇunā) - by Vishnu

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Vishnu (a prominent deity in Hinduism)

Root: viṣ (class 3)

Note: Agent of the action 'nihatya' and 'ānītam'.

प्रभविष्णुना (prabhaviṣṇunā) - by the powerful one, by the mighty one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prabhaviṣṇu

prabhaviṣṇu - mighty, powerful, potent

From pra-bhū (to be powerful) + iṣṇu (suffix indicating inherent nature)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods, of the devas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Possessive, indicating control for the gods.

वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, subjugation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, power, control, subjugation

Root: vaś (class 1)

आनीतम् (ānītam) - brought, led, attained

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ānīta

ānīta - brought, led, introduced, attained

past passive participle

From prefix ā + root nī (to lead) + suffix -ta

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Functions as the main predicate here with an implied 'was'.

त्रैलोक्यम् (trailokyam) - the three worlds

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of trailokya

trailokya - the three worlds (heaven, earth, and lower regions)

From tri (three) + lokya (world)

Compound type : dvigu (tri+loka)

• tri – three
  numeral
• loka – world, region, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'ānītam'.

इदम् (idam) - this (neuter)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'trailokyam'.

अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable, undecaying

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avyaya

avyaya - imperishable, undecaying, immutable, eternal

From a (not) + vyaya (expenditure, decay)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyaya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vyaya – expenditure, loss, decay, waste
  noun (masculine)
  From vi + root i (to go) + suffix -a
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)

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