वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-11, verse-1

सुमाली वरलब्धांस्तु ज्ञात्वा तान् वै निशाचरान् ।
उदतिष्ठद्भयं त्यक्त्वा सानुगः स रसातलात् ॥१॥

1. sumālī varalabdhāṃstu jñātvā tān vai niśācarān ,
udatiṣṭhadbhayaṃ tyaktvā sānugaḥ sa rasātalāt.

1. sumālī varalabdhān tu jñātvā tān vai niśācarān
| udatiṣṭhat bhayam tyaktvā sānugaḥ sa rasātalāt

1. sumālī tān varalabdhān niśācarān vai jñātvā sa
sānugaḥ bhayam tyaktvā rasātalāt udatiṣṭhat

1. Sumali, realizing that those night-roamers (niśācarān) had indeed obtained boons, rose up from Rasātala with his followers, casting aside fear.

Words meanings summery:

• सुमाली (sumālī) - Sumali, a prominent demon (Sumali)

• वरलब्धान् (varalabdhān) - having obtained boons (those who had obtained boons)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, however, indeed)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - realizing (having known, after knowing)

• तान् (tān) - those (demons) (those)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

• निशाचरान् (niśācarān) - night-roamers (a class of demons) (night-roamers, demons, Rākṣasas)

• उदतिष्ठत् (udatiṣṭhat) - he rose up (he rose up, he stood up)

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, danger)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - casting aside (having abandoned, having left, casting aside)

• सानुगः (sānugaḥ) - along with his followers (with followers, accompanied by attendants)

• स (sa) - he (Sumali) (he, that)

• रसातलात् (rasātalāt) - from Rasātala (from Rasātala (a lower world))

Words meanings and morphology

सुमाली (sumālī) - Sumali, a prominent demon (Sumali)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumālin

sumālin - Sumalin (name of a prominent demon)

वरलब्धान् (varalabdhān) - having obtained boons (those who had obtained boons)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of varalabdha

varalabdha - having obtained a boon, recipient of a boon

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vara+labdha)

• vara – boon, blessing, choice, excellent
  noun (masculine)
• labdha – obtained, gained, acquired
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'labh' (to obtain, gain) + ktapratyaya
  Root: labh (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, however, indeed)

(indeclinable)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - realizing (having known, after knowing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'jñā' (to know) + ktvāpratyaya

Root: jñā (class 9)

तान् (tān) - those (demons) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative/personal pronoun)

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

निशाचरान् (niśācarān) - night-roamers (a class of demons) (night-roamers, demons, Rākṣasas)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-roamer, demon, Rākṣasa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, going, roaming (often as agent noun or adjective suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'car' (to move, wander)
  Root: car (class 1)

उदतिष्ठत् (udatiṣṭhat) - he rose up (he rose up, he stood up)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Imperfect Tense

Root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ut'. Formed with 'laṅ' lakara.

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, danger)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror, danger

From root 'bhī' (to fear) + 'a' suffix.

Root: bhī (class 3)

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - casting aside (having abandoned, having left, casting aside)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'tyaj' (to abandon, forsake) + ktvāpratyaya

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सानुगः (sānugaḥ) - along with his followers (with followers, accompanied by attendants)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sānuga

sānuga - with followers, accompanied by attendants

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+anuga)

• sa – with, accompanied by (prefix)
  indeclinable
• anuga – follower, attendant, companion
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix 'anu' + root 'gam' (to go) + 'a' suffix.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

स (sa) - he (Sumali) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative/personal pronoun)

रसातलात् (rasātalāt) - from Rasātala (from Rasātala (a lower world))

(proper noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of rasātala

rasātala - Rasātala (one of the seven lower worlds)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rasā+tala)

• rasā – earth, ground (as a lower region)
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, flat ground, level, lower region
  noun (neuter)