वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-77, verse-37

स हताश्वादवप्लुत्य रथान्मथितसारथेः ।
शरवर्षेण सौमित्रिमभ्यधावत रावणिः ॥३७॥

37. sa hatāśvādavaplutya rathānmathitasāratheḥ ,
śaravarṣeṇa saumitrimabhyadhāvata rāvaṇiḥ.

37. saḥ hatāśvāt avaplutya rathāt mathitasāratheḥ
śaravarṣeṇa saumitrim abhyadhāvata rāvaṇiḥ

37. saḥ rāvaṇiḥ rathāt hatāśvāt mathitasāratheḥ
avaplutya śaravarṣeṇa saumitrim abhyadhāvata

37. Having leapt down from his chariot, whose horses were slain and charioteer crushed, Rāvaṇa's son (Rāvaṇi) rushed towards Lakṣmaṇa (Saumitri) with a volley of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• हताश्वात् (hatāśvāt) - from the one with killed horses, from the dead-horsed (chariot)

• अवप्लुत्य (avaplutya) - having jumped down, having leapt down

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• मथितसारथेः (mathitasāratheḥ) - from the one whose charioteer was crushed/killed

• शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a shower of arrows, by a volley of arrows

• सौमित्रिम् (saumitrim) - to Lakṣmaṇa, son of Sumitrā (to Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa))

• अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - he rushed towards

• रावणिः (rāvaṇiḥ) - Indrajit, son of Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa's son)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

हताश्वात् (hatāśvāt) - from the one with killed horses, from the dead-horsed (chariot)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of hatāśva

hatāśva - having dead horses, a chariot with dead horses

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+aśva)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Referring to the chariot.

अवप्लुत्य (avaplutya) - having jumped down, having leapt down

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with prefix 'ava' and root 'plu'.

Prefix: ava

Root: plu (class 1)

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram

मथितसारथेः (mathitasāratheḥ) - from the one whose charioteer was crushed/killed

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of mathitasārathi

mathitasārathi - having a crushed charioteer

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mathita+sārathi)

• mathita – crushed, churned, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root math (to churn, crush).
  Root: math (class 9)
• sārathi – charioteer, driver
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sṛ

Note: Referring to the chariot.

शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a shower of arrows, by a volley of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṝ (class 9)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

सौमित्रिम् (saumitrim) - to Lakṣmaṇa, son of Sumitrā (to Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā (epithet of Lakṣmaṇa)

अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - he rushed towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-ā-dhāv

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: dhāv (class 1)

रावणिः (rāvaṇiḥ) - Indrajit, son of Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa's son)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇi

rāvaṇi - son of Rāvaṇa (i.e., Indrajit)

Patronymic from Rāvaṇa.