वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-77, verse-23

तौ प्रयुद्धौ तदा वीरौ मृधे लक्ष्मणराक्षसौ ।
शरौघानभिवर्षन्तौ जघ्नतुस्तौ परस्परम् ॥२३॥

23. tau prayuddhau tadā vīrau mṛdhe lakṣmaṇarākṣasau ,
śaraughānabhivarṣantau jaghnatustau parasparam.

23. tau prayuddhau tadā vīrau mṛdhe lakṣmaṇarākṣasau
| śaraughān abhivarṣantau jaghnatuḥ tau parasparam

23. Those two heroes, Lakshmana and the rakshasa (Indrajit), engaged in fierce battle there. Raining down volleys of arrows, the two struck each other.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two (Lakshmana and Indrajit) (those two, both of them)

• प्रयुद्धौ (prayuddhau) - engaged in fierce battle (having fought, engaged in battle)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes (Lakshmana and Indrajit) (two heroes)

• मृधे (mṛdhe) - in the battle (in battle, in combat)

• लक्ष्मणराक्षसौ (lakṣmaṇarākṣasau) - Lakshmana and Indrajit, the rakshasa (Lakshmana and the Rakshasa)

• शरौघान् (śaraughān) - volleys of arrows (volleys of arrows, multitudes of arrows)

• अभिवर्षन्तौ (abhivarṣantau) - raining down (arrows) (raining down upon)

• जघ्नतुः (jaghnatuḥ) - they two struck (each other) (they two struck, killed)

• तौ (tau) - those two (Lakshmana and Indrajit) (those two, both of them)

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other (mutually, each other)

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two (Lakshmana and Indrajit) (those two, both of them)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the sentence (along with Lakshmana-rakshasau).

प्रयुद्धौ (prayuddhau) - engaged in fierce battle (having fought, engaged in battle)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of prayuddha

prayuddha - fought, engaged in battle

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yudh (to fight) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'tau' and 'vīrau'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates temporal sequence.

वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes (Lakshmana and Indrajit) (two heroes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Appositive to 'tau' and 'lakṣmaṇarākṣasau'.

मृधे (mṛdhe) - in the battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mṛdh

mṛdh - battle, combat

Note: Specifies the location of the action.

लक्ष्मणराक्षसौ (lakṣmaṇarākṣasau) - Lakshmana and Indrajit, the rakshasa (Lakshmana and the Rakshasa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of lakṣmaṇarākṣasa

lakṣmaṇarākṣasa - Lakshmana and the Rakshasa

Compound type : dvandva (lakṣmaṇa+rākṣasa)

• lakṣmaṇa – Lakshmana (brother of Rama)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rākṣasa – a demon, a rakshasa
  noun (masculine)

Note: Collective subject with 'tau'.

शरौघान् (śaraughān) - volleys of arrows (volleys of arrows, multitudes of arrows)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śaraugha

śaraugha - a multitude of arrows, volley of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+ogha)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – stream, flood, multitude
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'abhivarṣantau'.

अभिवर्षन्तौ (abhivarṣantau) - raining down (arrows) (raining down upon)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of abhivarṣat

abhivarṣat - raining upon, showering

Present Active Participle

Derived from root vṛṣ (to rain) with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tau' (implied). Describes the action of the two warriors.

जघ्नतुः (jaghnatuḥ) - they two struck (each other) (they two struck, killed)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past perfect (liṭ) of han

Perfect

Root han (to strike, kill), Perfect active, 3rd person dual.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the second line.

तौ (tau) - those two (Lakshmana and Indrajit) (those two, both of them)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Reinforces the subject of 'jaghnatuḥ'.

परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other (mutually, each other)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the action of striking.