वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-9, verse-8

तासां मध्ये महाबाहुः शुशुभे राक्षसेश्वरः ।
गोष्ठे महति मुख्यानां गवां मध्ये यथा वृषः ॥८॥

8. tāsāṃ madhye mahābāhuḥ śuśubhe rākṣaseśvaraḥ ,
goṣṭhe mahati mukhyānāṃ gavāṃ madhye yathā vṛṣaḥ.

8. tāsām madhye mahābāhuḥ śuśubhe rākṣaseśvaraḥ
goṣṭhe mahati mukhyānām gavām madhye yathā vṛṣaḥ

8. rākṣaseśvaraḥ mahābāhuḥ tāsām madhye śuśubhe
yathā vṛṣaḥ mukhyānām gavām madhye mahati goṣṭhe

8. Among them, the mighty-armed lord of demons shone, just like a bull among the principal cows in a large cattle pen.

Words meanings summery:

• तासाम् (tāsām) - among those (female attendants) (of them, among them)

• मध्ये (madhye) - among (them) (in the middle, amidst, among)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed (Ravana) (mighty-armed, great-armed)

• शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - shone (he shone, he appeared beautiful, he was resplendent)

• राक्षसेश्वरः (rākṣaseśvaraḥ) - the lord of demons (Ravana) (lord of demons, king of rākṣasas)

• गोष्ठे (goṣṭhe) - in a cattle pen (in a cow-pen, in a cattle enclosure)

• महति (mahati) - in a large (cattle pen) (in a great, in a large)

• मुख्यानाम् (mukhyānām) - of the principal (cows) (of the chief, of the principal)

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows (of cows, of cattle)

• मध्ये (madhye) - among (the cows) (in the middle, amidst, among)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• वृषः (vṛṣaḥ) - a bull (a bull, a male)

Words meanings and morphology

तासाम् (tāsām) - among those (female attendants) (of them, among them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, she, those

Feminine demonstrative pronoun

Note: Often used with madhye to mean 'among them'.

मध्ये (madhye) - among (them) (in the middle, amidst, among)

(indeclinable)

Locative singular of madhya, used adverbially.

Note: Effectively an adverbial particle meaning 'among'.

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed (Ravana) (mighty-armed, great-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - having great arms, mighty-armed

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+bāhu)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies rākṣaseśvaraḥ.

शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - shone (he shone, he appeared beautiful, he was resplendent)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of śubh

Perfect Tense (Liṭ)

Reduplicated root, 3rd person singular middle voice

Root: śubh (class 1)

राक्षसेश्वरः (rākṣaseśvaraḥ) - the lord of demons (Ravana) (lord of demons, king of rākṣasas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣaseśvara

rākṣaseśvara - lord of rākṣasas (demons)

Tatpurusha compound: rākṣasa + īśvara.

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+īśvara)

• rākṣasa – demon, evil spirit
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Subject of the main clause.

गोष्ठे (goṣṭhe) - in a cattle pen (in a cow-pen, in a cattle enclosure)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of goṣṭha

goṣṭha - cow-pen, cattle enclosure, dairy farm

Note: Location for the comparison.

महति (mahati) - in a large (cattle pen) (in a great, in a large)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Note: Qualifies goṣṭhe.

मुख्यानाम् (mukhyānām) - of the principal (cows) (of the chief, of the principal)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, plural of mukhya

mukhya - chief, principal, foremost

Note: Qualifies gavām.

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows (of cows, of cattle)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle

Root noun, feminine in this context.

Note: Part of the phrase 'among the cows'.

मध्ये (madhye) - among (the cows) (in the middle, amidst, among)

(indeclinable)

Locative singular of madhya, used adverbially.

Note: Effectively an adverbial particle meaning 'among'.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

वृषः (vṛṣaḥ) - a bull (a bull, a male)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛṣa

vṛṣa - bull, male, chief

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the comparative clause.

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