वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-9, verse-30

बहुधा मारुतस्तत्र गन्धं विविधमुद्वहन् ।
स्नानानां चन्दनानां च धूपानां चैव मूर्छितः ।
प्रववौ सुरभिर्गन्धो विमाने पुष्पके तदा ॥३०॥

30. bahudhā mārutastatra gandhaṃ vividhamudvahan ,
snānānāṃ candanānāṃ ca dhūpānāṃ caiva mūrchitaḥ ,
pravavau surabhirgandho vimāne puṣpake tadā.

30. bahudhā mārutaḥ tatra gandham vividham
udvahan snānānām candanānām ca
dhūpānām ca eva mūrcitaḥ pravavau
surabhiḥ gandhaḥ vimāne puṣpake tadā

30. tatra bahudhā vividham gandham udvahan
mārutaḥ snānānām candanānām ca
dhūpānām ca eva mūrcitaḥ tadā puṣpake
vimāne surabhiḥ gandhaḥ pravavau

30. There, the wind, carrying various fragrances in many ways, became saturated with the aromas of bathings, sandal pastes, and incenses. Then, a fragrant scent wafted throughout the Puṣpaka aerial chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways (in many ways, manifold, variously)

• मारुतः (mārutaḥ) - wind (wind, air, god of wind (Vāyu))

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• गन्धम् (gandham) - fragrances (fragrance, smell, odor)

• विविधम् (vividham) - various (various, diverse, manifold)

• उद्वहन् (udvahan) - carrying (carrying, bearing, conveying)

• स्नानानाम् (snānānām) - of bathings (of bathings, of washes)

• चन्दनानाम् (candanānām) - of sandal pastes

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• धूपानाम् (dhūpānām) - of incenses (of incenses, of fumigations)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, just, only, also)

• मूर्चितः (mūrcitaḥ) - saturated (fainted, swooned, intensified, saturated, pervaded)

• प्रववौ (pravavau) - wafted (blew, wafted)

• सुरभिः (surabhiḥ) - fragrant (fragrant, aromatic, pleasing)

• गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - scent (fragrance, smell, odor)

• विमाने (vimāne) - in the aerial chariot (in the aerial chariot, in the celestial car)

• पुष्पके (puṣpake) - in the Puṣpaka (chariot)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways (in many ways, manifold, variously)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -dhā meaning 'in many parts' or 'in many ways'.

Note: Adverbial usage.

मारुतः (mārutaḥ) - wind (wind, air, god of wind (Vāyu))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māruta

māruta - wind, air, god of wind

Derived from 'marut' (wind, spirit).

Note: Subject of the participle 'udvahan' and 'mūrcitaḥ'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb.

गन्धम् (gandham) - fragrances (fragrance, smell, odor)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gandha

gandha - fragrance, smell, odor

Root: gadh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'udvahan'.

विविधम् (vividham) - various (various, diverse, manifold)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'gandham'.

उद्वहन् (udvahan) - carrying (carrying, bearing, conveying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udvahat

vah - to carry, to bear, to convey

present active participle

From root 'vah' with prefix 'ud-'.

Prefix: ud

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mārutaḥ'.

स्नानानाम् (snānānām) - of bathings (of bathings, of washes)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of snāna

snāna - bathing, washing, ablution

Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Part of the source of the saturated fragrance.

चन्दनानाम् (candanānām) - of sandal pastes

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of candana

candana - sandalwood, sandalwood paste

Note: Part of the source of the saturated fragrance.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

धूपानाम् (dhūpānām) - of incenses (of incenses, of fumigations)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dhūpa

dhūpa - incense, perfume, fumigation

Root: dhūp (class 10)

Note: Part of the source of the saturated fragrance.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - also (indeed, just, only, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मूर्चितः (mūrcitaḥ) - saturated (fainted, swooned, intensified, saturated, pervaded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūrcita

mūrcita - fainted, swooned, thickened, intensified, saturated

past passive participle

From root 'mūrc' (to thicken, to faint).

Root: mūrc (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mārutaḥ'.

प्रववौ (pravavau) - wafted (blew, wafted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of pravavau

perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect form of root 'vā' with prefix 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the second part of the verse.

सुरभिः (surabhiḥ) - fragrant (fragrant, aromatic, pleasing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of surabhi

surabhi - fragrant, aromatic, pleasing, delightful

Prefix: su

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'gandhaḥ'.

गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - scent (fragrance, smell, odor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandha

gandha - fragrance, smell, odor

Root: gadh (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'pravavau'.

विमाने (vimāne) - in the aerial chariot (in the aerial chariot, in the celestial car)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vimāna

vimāna - aerial chariot, celestial car, palace

Prefix: vi

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Location where the scent wafted.

पुष्पके (puṣpake) - in the Puṣpaka (chariot)

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of puṣpaka

puṣpaka - Puṣpaka (a mythical aerial chariot)

Note: Specific name of the aerial chariot.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

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