वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-65, verse-12

स दर्भं संस्तराद्गृह्य ब्रह्मास्त्रेण न्ययोजयः ।
स दीप्त इव कालाग्निर्जज्वालाभिमुखः खगम् ॥१२॥

12. sa darbhaṃ saṃstarādgṛhya brahmāstreṇa nyayojayaḥ ,
sa dīpta iva kālāgnirjajvālābhimukhaḥ khagam.

12. saḥ darbham saṃstarāt gṛhya brahmāstreṇa nyayojayaḥ
saḥ dīptaḥ iva kālāgniḥ jajvāla abhimukhaḥ khagam

12. saḥ saṃstarāt darbham gṛhya brahmāstreṇa nyayojayaḥ
saḥ dīptaḥ kālāgniḥ iva khagam abhimukhaḥ jajvāla

12. Taking a blade of darbha grass from the couch, you (Rāma) imbued it with the power of the (brahmāstra). That grass then blazed forth like the fire of cosmic dissolution, facing the bird.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (the implied subject of gṛhya, i.e., Rāma) (he, that)

• दर्भम् (darbham) - a blade of darbha grass (blade of sacred grass)

• संस्तरात् (saṁstarāt) - from the couch (from the couch, from the bed)

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken (having taken, grasping)

• ब्रह्मास्त्रेण (brahmāstreṇa) - with the power of the (brahmāstra) (with the (brahmāstra))

• न्ययोजयः (nyayojayaḥ) - you imbued/empowered (it with Brahmāstra) (you employed, you directed, you assigned)

• सः (saḥ) - that (grass) (that, it)

• दीप्तः (dīptaḥ) - blazing (like fire) (shining, blazing, inflamed)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as it were)

• कालाग्निः (kālāgniḥ) - the fire of cosmic dissolution (fire of cosmic destruction, fire of time)

• जज्वाल (jajvāla) - blazed forth (blazed, shone, flared up)

• अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing (the bird) (facing, turned towards)

• खगम् (khagam) - the bird (the crow) (bird, moving in the sky)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (the implied subject of gṛhya, i.e., Rāma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

दर्भम् (darbham) - a blade of darbha grass (blade of sacred grass)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of darbha

darbha - kuśa grass, sacred grass

Note: Object of gṛhya (taking).

संस्तरात् (saṁstarāt) - from the couch (from the couch, from the bed)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃstara

saṁstara - bed, couch, mat, layer

From root stṛ (to spread) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Indicates source.

गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken (having taken, grasping)

(indeclinable participle)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

ब्रह्मास्त्रेण (brahmāstreṇa) - with the power of the (brahmāstra) (with the (brahmāstra))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of brahmāstra

brahmāstra - the weapon of Brahmā (a powerful divine weapon)

Compound: brahma (Brahmā) + astra (weapon).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+astra)

• brahman – Brahmā (the creator deity), the Absolute (brahman)
  proper noun (masculine)
• astra – missile, weapon
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates means or instrument.

न्ययोजयः (nyayojayaḥ) - you imbued/empowered (it with Brahmāstra) (you employed, you directed, you assigned)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of niyuj

Aorist formation

From root yuj (class 7P) with prefix ni-. The form is 2nd person singular Aorist (Luṅ) active. The ay in the stem ayojaya indicates a causative stem (yojaya) followed by Aorist ending for 2nd person singular (-aḥ). Thus, 'you caused to be joined/applied'.

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: The subject is tvam (you, Rāma), implied from the vocatives in the previous verse and the verb ending.

सः (saḥ) - that (grass) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the darbha grass.

दीप्तः (dīptaḥ) - blazing (like fire) (shining, blazing, inflamed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīpta

dīpta - shining, blazing, brilliant, ignited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dīp (to shine, to blaze) with kta suffix.

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with saḥ (the grass).

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as it were)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

कालाग्निः (kālāgniḥ) - the fire of cosmic dissolution (fire of cosmic destruction, fire of time)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kālāgni

kālāgni - the fire of time, the fire that consumes the world at the end of a cosmic cycle

Compound: kāla (time, death, destruction) + agni (fire).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+agni)

• kāla – time, death, destruction
  noun (masculine)
• agni – fire, deity Agni
  noun (masculine)

जज्वाल (jajvāla) - blazed forth (blazed, shone, flared up)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of jval

Perfect tense (Liṭ)

From root jval (class 1P). 3rd person singular Perfect active.

Root: jval (class 1)

अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing (the bird) (facing, turned towards)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimukha

abhimukha - facing, turned towards, confronting

Compound: abhi (towards) + mukha (face).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhi+mukha)

• abhi – towards, facing, upon
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with saḥ (the grass).

खगम् (khagam) - the bird (the crow) (bird, moving in the sky)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaga

khaga - bird, moving in the air/sky

Compound: kha (sky, space) + ga (going, moving).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kha+ga)

• kha – sky, atmosphere, space
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root gam
  Derived from root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of direction for abhimukhaḥ and the blazing.