वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-51, verse-39

स तान्निहत्वा रणचण्डविक्रमः समीक्षमाणः पुनरेव लङ्काम् ।
प्रदीप्तलाङ्गूलकृतार्चिमाली प्रकाशतादित्य इवांशुमाली ॥३९॥

39. sa tānnihatvā raṇacaṇḍavikramaḥ samīkṣamāṇaḥ punareva laṅkām ,
pradīptalāṅgūlakṛtārcimālī prakāśatāditya ivāṃśumālī.

39. sa tān nihatvā raṇacaṇḍavikramaḥ samīkṣamāṇaḥ punaḥ eva laṅkām
pradīptalāṅgūlakṛtārcimālī prakāśatā ādityaḥ iva aṃśumālī

39. raṇacaṇḍavikramaḥ saḥ tān nihatvā
punaḥ eva laṅkām samīkṣamāṇaḥ
pradīptalāṅgūlakṛtārcimālī
ādityaḥ iva aṃśumālī prakāśatā

39. With valor fierce in battle, he, having killed those demons, looked once again at Laṅkā. With his blazing tail creating a garland of flames, he shone like the sun, the radiant one.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• तान् (tān) - them

• निहत्वा (nihatvā) - having killed, having struck down

• रणचण्डविक्रमः (raṇacaṇḍavikramaḥ) - whose valor is fierce in battle, fiercely valorous in battle

• समीक्षमाणः (samīkṣamāṇaḥ) - looking at, observing, beholding

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back, further

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Laṅkā (city)

• प्रदीप्तलाङ्गूलकृतार्चिमाली (pradīptalāṅgūlakṛtārcimālī) - with his blazing tail creating a garland of flames

• प्रकाशता (prakāśatā) - he shone

• आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - sun

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अंशुमाली (aṁśumālī) - the sun, possessor of rays

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तान् (tān) - them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निहत्वा (nihatvā) - having killed, having struck down

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from √han with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

रणचण्डविक्रमः (raṇacaṇḍavikramaḥ) - whose valor is fierce in battle, fiercely valorous in battle

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raṇacaṇḍavikrama

raṇacaṇḍavikrama - whose valor is fierce in battle

Compound type : bahuvrihi (raṇa+caṇḍa+vikrama)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• caṇḍa – fierce, furious, violent
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• vikrama – valor, might, courage
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Hanumān.

समीक्षमाणः (samīkṣamāṇaḥ) - looking at, observing, beholding

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samīkṣamāṇa

samīkṣamāṇa - one who is looking at, observing

present middle participle

Derived from √īkṣ (to see) with prefixes sam- and a- (ā-)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Active participle modifying 'sa'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back, further

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Laṅkā (city)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Laṅkā (name of the capital city of Rāvaṇa)

Note: Object of 'samīkṣamāṇaḥ'.

प्रदीप्तलाङ्गूलकृतार्चिमाली (pradīptalāṅgūlakṛtārcimālī) - with his blazing tail creating a garland of flames

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradīptalāṅgūlakṛtārcimālin

pradīptalāṅgūlakṛtārcimālin - one whose blazing tail made a garland of light/flames

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pradīpta+lāṅgūla+kṛta+arci+mālin)

• pradīpta – blazing, intensely lit, glowing
  participle (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  past passive participle
  Derived from √dīp with prefix pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dīp (class 4)
• lāṅgūla – tail
  noun (neuter)
• kṛta – made, done, created
  participle (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  past passive participle
  Derived from √kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• arci – flame, ray of light
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• mālin – having a garland, adorned with a garland
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from mālā (garland) + -in(i) suffix

Note: Refers to Hanumān, describing his state.

प्रकाशता (prakāśatā) - he shone

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past (laṅ) of prakāśatā

imperfect or aorist (archaic)

3rd person singular, active voice. Root √kāś with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Acts as the main verb, 'he shone'.

आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, a solar deity

Note: Used in comparison 'like the sun'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

अंशुमाली (aṁśumālī) - the sun, possessor of rays

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṃśumālin

aṁśumālin - the sun, ray-possessor, radiant

Derived from aṃśu (ray) + mālin (having garlands, possessor)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (aṃśu+mālin)

• aṃśu – ray, beam of light, fibre
  noun (masculine)
• mālin – having a garland, adorned with a garland; possessor
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from mālā (garland) + -in(i) suffix

Note: In apposition to 'ādityaḥ', both refer to the sun.

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