वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-51, verse-3

कपीनां किल लाङ्गूलमिष्टं भवति भूषणम् ।
तदस्य दीप्यतां शीघ्रं तेन दग्धेन गच्छतु ॥३॥

3. kapīnāṃ kila lāṅgūlamiṣṭaṃ bhavati bhūṣaṇam ,
tadasya dīpyatāṃ śīghraṃ tena dagdhena gacchatu.

3. kapīnām kila lāṅgūlam iṣṭam bhavati bhūṣaṇam
tat asya dīpyatām śīghram tena dagdhena gacchatu

3. kila kapīnām lāṅgūlam iṣṭam bhūṣaṇam bhavati
tat asya śīghram dīpyatām tena dagdhena gacchatu

3. Indeed, for monkeys, the tail is considered a cherished ornament. Therefore, let his [Hanumān's] tail be quickly set ablaze, and let him depart with it burnt.

Words meanings summery:

• कपीनाम् (kapīnām) - of monkeys

• किल (kila) - it is said (indeed, certainly, it is said)

• लाङ्गूलम् (lāṅgūlam) - tail

• इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired, beloved, cherished

• भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes

• भूषणम् (bhūṣaṇam) - ornament, decoration

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore

• अस्य (asya) - of Hanumān (of this one, his)

• दीप्यताम् (dīpyatām) - let it (the tail) be set ablaze (let it be kindled, let it shine)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

• तेन (tena) - by that, with that

• दग्धेन (dagdhena) - with his tail burnt (by the burnt one, with the burnt one)

• गच्छतु (gacchatu) - let him go

Words meanings and morphology

कपीनाम् (kapīnām) - of monkeys

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kapi

kapi - monkey

किल (kila) - it is said (indeed, certainly, it is said)

(indeclinable)

लाङ्गूलम् (lāṅgūlam) - tail

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lāṅgūla

lāṅgūla - tail

इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired, beloved, cherished

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, beloved, worshipped

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √iṣ (to wish, desire)

Root: iṣ (class 4)

भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present active 3rd singular

Root class 1, Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

भूषणम् (bhūṣaṇam) - ornament, decoration

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhūṣaṇa

bhūṣaṇa - ornament, decoration, embellishment

Derived from root √bhūṣ (to adorn)

Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

तत् (tat) - that, therefore

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Functions adverbially as 'therefore'.

अस्य (asya) - of Hanumān (of this one, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Hanumān.

दीप्यताम् (dīpyatām) - let it (the tail) be set ablaze (let it be kindled, let it shine)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of dīp

3rd singular imperative passive

Root class 4, Ātmanepada (here passive)

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: The passive form implies 'let it be made to shine/blaze'.

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter singular of śīghra (quick)

तेन (tena) - by that, with that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the tail.

दग्धेन (dagdhena) - with his tail burnt (by the burnt one, with the burnt one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dagdha

dagdha - burnt, consumed by fire

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dah (to burn)

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tena' (the tail).

गच्छतु (gacchatu) - let him go

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of gam

3rd singular imperative active

Root class 1, Parasmaipada

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Implied subject is Hanumān.

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