वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-51, verse-36

स भूत्वा शैलसंकाशः क्षणेन पुनरात्मवान् ।
ह्रस्वतां परमां प्राप्तो बन्धनान्यवशातयत् ॥३६॥

36. sa bhūtvā śailasaṃkāśaḥ kṣaṇena punarātmavān ,
hrasvatāṃ paramāṃ prāpto bandhanānyavaśātayat.

36. saḥ bhūtvā śaila-saṃkāśaḥ kṣaṇena punaḥ ātma-vān
hrasvatām paramām prāptaḥ bandhanāni avaśātayat

36. saḥ śaila-saṃkāśaḥ bhūtvā,
punaḥ ātma-vān (san) kṣaṇena paramām hrasvatām prāptaḥ (san) bandhanāni avaśātayat

36. Having briefly become mountain-like, he then instantly, regaining his composure, attained extreme shortness and severed his bonds.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Hanumān) (he, that)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• शैल-संकाशः (śaila-saṁkāśaḥ) - mountain-like, resembling a mountain

• क्षणेन (kṣaṇena) - in a moment, instantly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

• आत्म-वान् (ātma-vān) - regaining his composure (self-possessed, endowed with spirit/strength/firmness of mind)

• ह्रस्वताम् (hrasvatām) - shortness, smallness, brevity

• परमाम् (paramām) - supreme, utmost, excellent, highest

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - attained, reached, obtained

• बन्धनानि (bandhanāni) - bonds, fetters, ties

• अवशातयत् (avaśātayat) - he broke, he severed, he caused to fall

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Hanumān) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

root `bhū` + suffix `ktvā`

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Indicates a preceding action.

शैल-संकाशः (śaila-saṁkāśaḥ) - mountain-like, resembling a mountain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaila-saṃkāśa

śaila-saṁkāśa - mountain-like, resembling a mountain

Tatpuruṣa or Bahuvrihi compound. Usually `saṃkāśa` means "like, resembling".

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaila+saṃkāśa)

• śaila – mountain, rock
  noun (masculine)
• saṃkāśa – resembling, like, shining
  adjective
  `sam-kāś` + `a`
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Describes Hanumān.

क्षणेन (kṣaṇena) - in a moment, instantly

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - moment, instant, short time

Note: Adverbial usage indicating time.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

आत्म-वान् (ātma-vān) - regaining his composure (self-possessed, endowed with spirit/strength/firmness of mind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātma-vat

ātma-vat - self-possessed, resolute, endowed with spirit or (ātman), intelligent

`ātman` + suffix `matup`

Note: Describes Hanumān.

ह्रस्वताम् (hrasvatām) - shortness, smallness, brevity

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hrasvatā

hrasvatā - shortness, smallness, brevity, littleness

`hrasva` + suffix `tā` (abstract noun formation)

Note: Object of `prāptaḥ`.

परमाम् (paramām) - supreme, utmost, excellent, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, utmost, highest, excellent

Superlative form, derived from `para`

Note: Modifies `hrasvatām`.

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - attained, reached, obtained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - attained, reached, obtained, arrived

Past Passive Participle

`pra-āp` + `kta`

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Functions as an adjective describing the subject.

बन्धनानि (bandhanāni) - bonds, fetters, ties

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bandhana

bandhana - bond, fetter, tie, binding

root `bandh` + suffix `ana`

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Object of `avaśātayat`.

अवशातयत् (avaśātayat) - he broke, he severed, he caused to fall

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of śātay

Imperfect tense, 3rd person, singular (Causative)

`ava-śātay` (causative of root `śat` - to fall)

Prefix: ava

Root: śat (class 10)

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