वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-51, verse-18

संवृतान्भूमिभागांश्च सुविभक्तांश्च चत्वरान् ।
रथ्याश्च गृहसंबाधाः कपिः शृङ्गाटकानि च ॥१८॥

18. saṃvṛtānbhūmibhāgāṃśca suvibhaktāṃśca catvarān ,
rathyāśca gṛhasaṃbādhāḥ kapiḥ śṛṅgāṭakāni ca.

18. saṃvṛtān bhūmibhāgān ca suvibhaktān ca catvarān
rathyāḥ ca gṛhasaṃbādhāḥ kapiḥ śṛṅgāṭakāni ca

18. kapiḥ saṃvṛtān bhūmibhāgān ca suvibhaktān ca
catvarān gṛhasaṃbādhāḥ rathyāḥ ca śṛṅgāṭakāni ca

18. The monkey (kapiḥ) saw enclosed plots of land (bhūmibhāga), well-arranged squares (catvara), streets crowded with houses, and crossroads (śṛṅgāṭaka).

Words meanings summery:

• संवृतान् (saṁvṛtān) - covered, enclosed, shut in

• भूमिभागान् (bhūmibhāgān) - plots of land, land areas

• च (ca) - and

• सुविभक्क्तान् (suvibhakktān) - well-divided, well-arranged, neatly separated

• च (ca) - and

• चत्वरान् (catvarān) - squares, courtyards

• रथ्याः (rathyāḥ) - streets, roads

• च (ca) - and

• गृहसंबाधाः (gṛhasaṁbādhāḥ) - crowded with houses

• कपिः (kapiḥ) - referring to Hanuman (subject from previous verse, implied here) (the monkey)

• शृङ्गाटकानि (śṛṅgāṭakāni) - crossroads, squares (quadrilateral or triangular)

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

संवृतान् (saṁvṛtān) - covered, enclosed, shut in

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, concealed, restrained, enclosed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 1)

भूमिभागान् (bhūmibhāgān) - plots of land, land areas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhūmibhāga

bhūmibhāga - part of the earth, plot of land, region

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūmi+bhāga)

• bhūmi – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• bhāga – portion, share, part
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bhaj
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सुविभक्क्तान् (suvibhakktān) - well-divided, well-arranged, neatly separated

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of suvibhakta

suvibhakta - well-divided, well-arranged, properly distributed

Past Passive Participle (with prefixes)

Compound of su (well) and vibhakta (PPP of vi-bhaj)

Compound type : karmadharaya (su+vibhakta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• vibhakta – divided, separated, distinct, allotted
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhaj with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

चत्वरान् (catvarān) - squares, courtyards

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of catvara

catvara - a square, courtyard, public square

रथ्याः (rathyāḥ) - streets, roads

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of rathyā

rathyā - street, high-road, public road

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

गृहसंबाधाः (gṛhasaṁbādhāḥ) - crowded with houses

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of gṛhasaṃbādha

gṛhasaṁbādha - crowded or obstructed by houses

Compound type : tatpurusha (gṛha+saṃbādha)

• gṛha – house, home, dwelling
  noun (neuter)
• saṃbādha – crowded, obstructed, pressed together
  adjective
  Derived from root badh with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: badh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rathyāḥ' which is in accusative plural but ends in āḥ, identical to nominative plural feminine.

कपिः (kapiḥ) - referring to Hanuman (subject from previous verse, implied here) (the monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

शृङ्गाटकानि (śṛṅgāṭakāni) - crossroads, squares (quadrilateral or triangular)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śṛṅgāṭaka

śṛṅgāṭaka - crossroad, a place where four roads meet; a triangular or quadrangular place in a town

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

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