वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-65, verse-23

ततस्त्वां निहतं दृष्ट्वा वायुर्गन्धवहः स्वयम् ।
त्रैलोक्ये भृशसंक्रुद्धो न ववौ वै प्रभञ्जनः ॥२३॥

23. tatastvāṃ nihataṃ dṛṣṭvā vāyurgandhavahaḥ svayam ,
trailokye bhṛśasaṃkruddho na vavau vai prabhañjanaḥ.

23. tataḥ tvām nihatam dṛṣṭvā vāyuḥ gandhavahaḥ svayam |
trailokye bhṛśasaṃkruddhaḥ na vavau vai prabhañjanaḥ

23. tataḥ svayam gandhavahaḥ vāyuḥ prabhañjanaḥ tvām nihatam dṛṣṭvā trailokye bhṛśasaṃkruddhaḥ vai na vavau.

23. Then, upon seeing you struck down, Vāyu, the carrier of fragrance, himself, became exceedingly enraged throughout the three worlds. Consequently, the violent wind ceased to blow.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (the person being addressed) (you)

• निहतम् (nihatam) - struck down (struck down, killed, defeated)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, after seeing)

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - Vāyu (the wind god) (wind, air, wind god)

• गन्धवहः (gandhavahaḥ) - carrier of fragrance (epithet of Vāyu) (carrier of fragrance, wind)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (oneself, himself, by oneself)

• त्रैलोक्ये (trailokye) - throughout the three worlds (in the three worlds)

• भृशसंक्रुद्धः (bhṛśasaṁkruddhaḥ) - exceedingly enraged (greatly enraged, intensely angry)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• ववौ (vavau) - ceased to blow (blew, he blew)

• वै (vai) - consequently (particle emphasizing result) (indeed, verily)

• प्रभञ्जनः (prabhañjanaḥ) - the violent wind (epithet of Vāyu) (violent wind, destroyer)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas added to pronoun base 'tad'

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (the person being addressed) (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

निहतम् (nihatam) - struck down (struck down, killed, defeated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, destroyed, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from prefix 'ni' + root 'han' (to strike, kill)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with tvām

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'dṛś' (to see) + suffix '-tvā'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - Vāyu (the wind god) (wind, air, wind god)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, the god of wind

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence

गन्धवहः (gandhavahaḥ) - carrier of fragrance (epithet of Vāyu) (carrier of fragrance, wind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandhavaha

gandhavaha - carrier of fragrance (referring to wind)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gandha+vaha)

• gandha – smell, fragrance
  noun (masculine)
• vaha – carrying, bearing, bringing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root √vah (to carry)
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies vāyuḥ

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (oneself, himself, by oneself)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the subject Vāyu

त्रैलोक्ये (trailokye) - throughout the three worlds (in the three worlds)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of trailokya

trailokya - the three worlds (heaven, earth, and lower regions)

Derived from 'triloka' (three worlds) + 'ya' suffix

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tri+loka)

• tri – three
  numeral
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)

Note: Denotes the sphere of action

भृशसंक्रुद्धः (bhṛśasaṁkruddhaḥ) - exceedingly enraged (greatly enraged, intensely angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhṛśasaṃkruddha

bhṛśasaṁkruddha - greatly enraged, intensely angry

Adverbial prefix 'bhṛśa' + past passive participle 'saṃkruddha'

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhṛśa+saṃkruddha)

• bhṛśa – much, very, greatly, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• saṃkruddha – enraged, very angry
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix 'sam' + root 'krudh' (to be angry)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies vāyuḥ

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates the verb 'vavau'

ववौ (vavau) - ceased to blow (blew, he blew)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Liṭ) of vā

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular active

Reduplicated perfect form of √vā

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: The subject is vāyuḥ

वै (vai) - consequently (particle emphasizing result) (indeed, verily)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

Note: Used for emphasis

प्रभञ्जनः (prabhañjanaḥ) - the violent wind (epithet of Vāyu) (violent wind, destroyer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhañjana

prabhañjana - breaking, destroying; a violent wind; an epithet of Vāyu

From prefix 'pra' + root 'bhañj' (to break) + agent suffix 'ana'

Prefix: pra

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Appositive to vāyuḥ