वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-40, verse-7

ये के चन समुद्देशास्तस्यां दिशि सुदुर्गमाः ।
कपीशः कपिमुख्यानां स तेषां तानुदाहरत् ॥७॥

7. ye ke cana samuddeśāstasyāṃ diśi sudurgamāḥ ,
kapīśaḥ kapimukhyānāṃ sa teṣāṃ tānudāharat.

7. ye ke cana samuddeśāḥ tasyām diśi sudurgamāḥ
kapīśaḥ kapimukhyānām saḥ teṣām tān udāharat

7. He, the lord of monkeys (Sugrīva), described to those chiefs among the monkeys all the regions in that direction, however difficult they were to access.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - which, who, those who

• के (ke) - any, some, what

• चन (cana) - an indefinite particle, 'even', 'any whatsoever'

• समुद्देशाः (samuddeśāḥ) - regions, places, localities

• तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that

• दिशि (diśi) - in the direction, in the quarter

• सुदुर्गमाः (sudurgamāḥ) - very difficult to access/reach

• कपीशः (kapīśaḥ) - Sugrīva, the lord of monkeys (the lord of monkeys)

• कपिमुख्यानाम् (kapimukhyānām) - of the monkey chiefs

• सः (saḥ) - he

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - to those monkey chiefs (to them, for them)

• तान् (tān) - those regions (those)

• उदाहरत् (udāharat) - enumerated, described, mentioned

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - which, who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

के (ke) - any, some, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which, any, some

चन (cana) - an indefinite particle, 'even', 'any whatsoever'

(indeclinable)

समुद्देशाः (samuddeśāḥ) - regions, places, localities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samuddeśa

samuddeśa - region, locality, place, point of reference

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: diś (class 6)

तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दिशि (diśi) - in the direction, in the quarter

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter

सुदुर्गमाः (sudurgamāḥ) - very difficult to access/reach

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sudurgama

sudurgama - very difficult to approach/access, impenetrable

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+dur+gama)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• dur – difficult, bad
  indeclinable
• gama – going, moving, accessible
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  from root gam
  Root: gam (class 1)

कपीशः (kapīśaḥ) - Sugrīva, the lord of monkeys (the lord of monkeys)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapīśa

kapīśa - lord of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (kapi+īśa)

• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• īśa – lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

कपिमुख्यानाम् (kapimukhyānām) - of the monkey chiefs

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kapimukhya

kapimukhya - chief of monkeys, principal monkey

Compound type : tatpurusha (kapi+mukhya)

• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तेषाम् (teṣām) - to those monkey chiefs (to them, for them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here in a dative sense, 'to them'.

तान् (tān) - those regions (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उदाहरत् (udāharat) - enumerated, described, mentioned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of udāhṛ

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

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