वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-40, verse-15

ततस्तामापगां दिव्यां प्रसन्नसलिलां शिवाम् ।
तत्र द्रक्ष्यथ कावेरीं विहृतामप्सरोगणैः ॥१५॥

15. tatastāmāpagāṃ divyāṃ prasannasalilāṃ śivām ,
tatra drakṣyatha kāverīṃ vihṛtāmapsarogaṇaiḥ.

15. tataḥ tām āpagām divyām prasannasalilām śivām
tatra drakṣyatha kāverīm vihṛtām apsarogaṇaiḥ

15. tataḥ tatra yūyam tām divyām śivām prasannasalilām
āpagām kāverīm apsarogaṇaiḥ vihṛtām drakṣyatha

15. Then, there you will see that divine, auspicious river, the Kaveri, with its clear waters, where groups of Apsaras disport themselves.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, from there, thereafter)

• ताम् (tām) - that (river) (that (feminine accusative singular))

• आपगाम् (āpagām) - river

• दिव्याम् (divyām) - divine (divine, celestial, heavenly)

• प्रसन्नसलिलाम् (prasannasalilām) - with its clear waters (having clear waters)

• शिवाम् (śivām) - auspicious (auspicious, benevolent, propitious)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in that region) (there, in that place)

• द्रक्ष्यथ (drakṣyatha) - you (plural) will see

• कावेरीम् (kāverīm) - the Kaveri river

• विहृताम् (vihṛtām) - where disport themselves (lit. 'sported in by') (sported in, played in, enjoyed)

• अप्सरोगणैः (apsarogaṇaiḥ) - by groups of Apsaras

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, from there, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Avyaya from 'tad'.

Note: Temporal adverb.

ताम् (tām) - that (river) (that (feminine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Agrees with 'āpagām' and 'kāverīm'.

आपगाम् (āpagām) - river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpagā

āpagā - river (literally 'that which goes to the water')

From 'āp' (water) + 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'drakṣyatha'.

दिव्याम् (divyām) - divine (divine, celestial, heavenly)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, excellent

Derived from 'div' (heaven).

Root: div

Note: Agrees with 'āpagām'.

प्रसन्नसलिलाम् (prasannasalilām) - with its clear waters (having clear waters)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prasannasalilā

prasannasalilā - having clear or serene waters

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'prasanna' (clear, serene) + 'salila' (water).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prasanna+salila)

• prasanna – clear, bright, serene, tranquil
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √sad (to sit) with prefix pra, passive.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)
• salila – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'āpagām'.

शिवाम् (śivām) - auspicious (auspicious, benevolent, propitious)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śivā

śivā - auspicious, benevolent, propitious, fortunate

Feminine form of 'śiva'.

Note: Agrees with 'āpagām'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (in that region) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Avyaya from 'tad'.

Note: Locative adverb.

द्रक्ष्यथ (drakṣyatha) - you (plural) will see

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of drakṣyath

Future Tense, 2nd person plural

From root √dṛś (to see), future stem 'drakṣya'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Refers to the observers (monkeys).

कावेरीम् (kāverīm) - the Kaveri river

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kāverī

kāverī - the Kaveri (a sacred river in Southern India)

Note: Object of 'drakṣyatha'.

विहृताम् (vihṛtām) - where disport themselves (lit. 'sported in by') (sported in, played in, enjoyed)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vihṛtā

vihṛta - sported, played, disported, enjoyed

Past Passive Participle

From root √hṛ (to take) with prefix vi, in causative sense of 'to enjoy', or simply 'to roam, disport'.

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Describes the Kaveri river.

अप्सरोगणैः (apsarogaṇaiḥ) - by groups of Apsaras

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of apsarogaṇa

apsarogaṇa - host of Apsaras

Tatpuruṣa compound, 'apsaras' (celestial nymph) + 'gaṇa' (group, host).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (apsaras+gaṇa)

• apsaras – celestial nymph, a mythical being
  noun (feminine)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude, troop
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent in the passive construction 'vihṛtām'.

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