वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-40, verse-1

ततः प्रस्थाप्य सुग्रीवस्तन्महद्वानरं बलम् ।
दक्षिणां प्रेषयामास वानरानभिलक्षितान् ॥१॥

1. tataḥ prasthāpya sugrīvastanmahadvānaraṃ balam ,
dakṣiṇāṃ preṣayāmāsa vānarānabhilakṣitān.

1. tataḥ prasthāpya sugrīvaḥ tat mahat vānaram
balam | dakṣiṇām preṣayāmāsa vānarān abhīlakṣitān

1. tataḥ sugrīvaḥ tat mahat vānaram balam prasthāpya
dakṣiṇām abhīlakṣitān vānarān preṣayāmāsa

1. Then, Sugriva, having dispatched that great army of monkeys, sent the specially chosen monkeys towards the south.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (after the previous instruction) (then, thereafter, from that place)

• प्रस्थाप्य (prasthāpya) - having sent forth, having dispatched

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the previously mentioned army) (that)

• महत् (mahat) - great, large

• वानरम् (vānaram) - of monkeys (referring to the army) (monkey, belonging to monkeys)

• बलम् (balam) - army (of monkeys) (army, force, strength)

• दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - to the south (direction) (southern, right, skilled; to the south)

• प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - he sent, he dispatched

• वानरान् (vānarān) - monkeys

• अभीलक्षितान् (abhīlakṣitān) - specially chosen (monkeys) (designated, specially marked, chosen)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (after the previous instruction) (then, thereafter, from that place)

(indeclinable)

From tad + suffix -tas.

Note: Adverb of time.

प्रस्थाप्य (prasthāpya) - having sent forth, having dispatched

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund (causative)

Derived from causative of root √sthā (to stand) with prefix 'pra-' and suffix '-ya'. Causative means 'to cause to stand/depart' i.e. 'to send'.

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Expresses prior action by Sugriva.

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (the monkey king), having a beautiful neck

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the previously mentioned army) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Accusative singular neuter, agreeing with 'balam'.

महत् (mahat) - great, large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Primary adjective or Present active participle from √mah.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular neuter, agreeing with 'balam'.

वानरम् (vānaram) - of monkeys (referring to the army) (monkey, belonging to monkeys)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape; belonging to monkeys

Note: Accusative singular neuter, agreeing with 'balam'.

बलम् (balam) - army (of monkeys) (army, force, strength)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

Note: Object of 'prasthāpya'.

दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - to the south (direction) (southern, right, skilled; to the south)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - southern direction, south; right (hand); skilled; a ritual fee

Feminine form of 'dakṣiṇa'.

Note: Accusative singular feminine, indicating direction.

प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - he sent, he dispatched

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of preṣayāmāsa

Perfect tense (Periphrastic Perfect)

Formed with prefix 'pra-' + causative of √iṣ + auxiliary 'ās' (perfect). Pra-iṣ-i (causative stem) + ām āsa.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

वानरान् (vānarān) - monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey

Note: Object of 'preṣayāmāsa'.

अभीलक्षितान् (abhīlakṣitān) - specially chosen (monkeys) (designated, specially marked, chosen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of abhīlakṣita

abhīlakṣita - designated, noticed, specially marked

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √lakṣ (to mark, observe) with prefix 'abhi-'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Accusative plural masculine, agreeing with 'vānarān'.

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